2014年职称英语考试《卫生类C级》冲刺试卷(三)
2014-03-26来源:和谐英语
第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。
31、回答31-45题：
Knitting
My mother knew how to knit (编织), but she never taught me. She assumed, as did many women of her generation, that knitting was no longer a skill worth passing down from mother to daughter. A combination of feminism (女权主义) and consumerism (消费主义) made many women feel that such homely accomplishments were now out of date. My Grandmother still knitted, though, and every Christmas she made a pair of socks for my brother and me, of red wool. They were the ones we wore under our ice skates (冰鞋), when it was really important to have warm feet.
Knitting is a nervous habit that happens to be productive. It helped me quit smoking by giving my hands something else to do. It is wonderful for depression because no matter what else happens, you are creating something beautiful. Time spent in front of the television or just sitting is no longer time wasted.
I love breathing life into the patterns. It's true magic, finding a neglected, dog-eared old book with the perfect snowflake design, buying the same Germantown wool my grandmother used, in the exact blue to match my daughter's eyes; taking it on the train with me every day for two months, working enthusiastically to get it done by Christmas, staying up late after the stockings are filled to sew in the sleeves and weave in the ends.
Knitting has taught me patience. I know that if I just keep going, even if it takes months, there will be a reward. When I make a mistake, I know that anger will not fix it, that I just have to go back and take out the stitches (针脚) between and start over again.
People often ask if I would do it for money, and the answer is always a definite no. In the first place, you could not pay me enough for the hours I put into a sweater. But more important, this is an activity I keep separate from such considerations. I knit to cover my children and other people I love in warmth and color. I knit to give them something earthly that money could never buy.
Knitting gives my life an alternative rhythm to the daily deadline. By day I can write about Northern Ireland or the New York City Police Department and get paid for it, but on the train home, surrounded by people with laptops, I stage my little rebellion: I take out my old knitting bag and join the centuries of women who have knitted for love.
Why did many women feel that knitting was out of date?
A．Because their mothers didn't teach them.
B．Because they were influenced by feminism and consumerism
C．Because they were feminists.
D．Because they were consumerists.
32、The author wore the red socks her grandmother had knitted for her
A．when she went to school.
B．when she went sightseeing.
C．when she celebrated Christmas.
D．when she went skating.
33、The word "quit" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A．"give up".
B．"speed up".
C．"slow down".
D．"build up".
34、According to the passage， which of the following statements about knitting is NOT true?
A．Knitting helps one get rid of bad habits.
B．Knitting helps one get free from a bad mood.
C．Knitting requires patience.
D．Knitting is a profit-making business.
35、Which of the following is NOT the writer's purpose of knitting?
A．To save money.
B．To make full use of her leisure time.
C．To enrich her life.
D．To show her love for the family.
36、回答36-50题：
Memory Class
Stan Field knows what age can do to a person's memory, and he's not taking any chances with his. He chooses his food carefully and gets plenty of exercise. He also avoids stress, coca cola and cigarette smoke. What's more, at breakfast each morning, the 69-year-old chemical engineer swallows a plateful of pills in the hope of boosting his brain power.
Michelle Arnove is less than half Field's age, but no less concerned about her
memory. While working round the clock to finish a degree in film studies, the 33-year-old New Yorker had the alarming sensation that she had stopped retaining anything. "I couldn't even remember names," she says. "1 thought, 'Oh no, I'm over 30. It's all downhill from here'." Besides loading up on supplements, Arnove signed up for a memory-enhancing course at New York's Mount Siani Medical Center. And when she got there, she found herself surrounded by people who were just as worried as she was.
For millions of Americans, and especially for baby boomers (生育高峰期出生的人), the demands of the Information Age conflict with a sense of declining physical power. "When boomers were in their 30s and 40s, they launched the fitness boom," says Cynthia Green, the psychologist who teaches Mount Sinai's memory class. "Now we have the mental-fitness boom. Memory is the boomers' new life-crisis issue." And of course a major marketing opportunity. The demand for books and seminars has never been greater, says Jack Lannom, a Iongtime memory trainer whose weekly TV show,
"Mind Unlimited," goes out to 33 million homes on the Christian Network. Anxious consumers are rushing to buy do-it-yourself programs and supplement makers are trying to sell everything but sawdust (木屑) as a brain booster.
But before you get out your checkbook, a few questions are in order. Does everyday forgetfulness signal declining brain function? Is "megamemory" (超强记忆) a realistic goal for normal people? And if you could have a perfect memory, would you really want it? Until recently, no one could address those issues with much authority, but our knowledge of memory is exploding. New techniques are revealing how different parts of the brain interact to preserve meaningful experiences. Biologists are trying to understand the underlying (潜在的) chemical processes and neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) are discovering how age, stress ,and other factors can disrupt them. No one is close to finding the secret to perfect recall, but as you'll see, that may be just as well.
What does Stan Field take at breakfast?
A．Food only.
B．Food and pills.
C．Nothing.
D．A plateful of pills only.
37、What is the meaning of "working round the clock"?
A．Repairing clocks.
B．Making clocks.
C．Working with a clock nearby.
D．Working day and night.
38、Many baby-boomers living in the Information Age feel that
A．their financial status is declining.
B．their political influence is declining.
C．their physical power is declining.
D．their will power is declining.
39、Which of the following does NOT indicate people's enhanced awareness of the importance of memory?
A．More demand for books on memory.
B．More demand for seminars on memory.
C．More demand for memory-enhancing supplements.
D．More demand for coca cola and cigarettes.
40、According to the writer， the secret to perfect memory
A．has been found.
B．will never be found.
C．was found a long time ago.
D．is not in sight yet.
41、回答41-55题：
Who Want to Live Forever?
If your doctor could give you a drug that would let you live a healthy life for twice as long ，would you take it?
The good news is that we may be drawing near to that date，Scientists have already extended the lives of flies ，worms and mice in laboratories. Many now think that using genetic treatments we will soon be able to extend human life to at least 140 years. This seems a great idea. Think of how much more time we could spend chasing our dreams，spending time with our loved ones，watching our families grow and have families of their own.
"Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes and promote long term thinking," says Dr Gregory Stock of the University Of California School Of Public Health. "It would also raise productivity by adding to the year we can work."
Longer lives don't just affect the people who live them. They also affect society as a whole. "We have war，poverty，all sorts of issues around，and I don't think any of them would be at all helped by having people live longer," says US bioethicist Daniel Callahan."The question is 'What will we get as a society? 'I suspect it won't be a better society."
It would certainly be a very different society. People are already finding it more difficult to stay married. Divorce rates are rising. What would happen to marriage in a society where people lived for 140 years? And what would happen to family life if nine or 10 generations of the same family were all alive at the same time?
Research into ageing may enable women to remain fertile for longer. And that raises the prospect of having 100-year-old parents，or brothers and sisters born 50 years apart. We think of an elder sibling as someone who can protect us and offer help and advice. That would be hard to do if that sibling came from a completely different generation.
Working life would also be affected，especially if the retirement age was lifted. More people would stay in work for longer. That would give us the benefits of age-skill，wisdom and good judgment.
On the other hand，more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals，making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?
Young people would be a smaller part of a society in which people lived to 140. It may be that such a society would place less importance on guiding and educating young people，and more on making life comfortable for the old.
And society would feel very different if more of its members were older. There would be more wisdom，but less energy. Young people like to move about. Old people like to sit still. Young people tend to act without thinking. Old people tend to think without acting. Young people are curious and like to experience different things. Old people are less enthusiastic about change. In fact ，they are less enthusiastic about everything.
The effect of anti-ageing technology is deeper than we might think. But as the science advances，we need to think about these changes now. " If this could ever happen，then we'd better ask what kind of society we want to get，" says Daniel Callahan. "We had better not go anywhere near it until we have figure those problems out."
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the things that living longer might enable an individual to do?
A．Spending more time with his family.
B．Having more education.
C．Realizing more dreams.
D．Working longer.
42、 Which of the following is implied in the sixth paragraph?
A．Marriages in the US today are quite unstable.
B．More and more people in the US today want to get married.
C．Living longer would make it easier for people to maintain their marital ties.
D．If people live longer ，they would stay in marriage longer.
43、All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT
A．Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult.
B．More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees.
C．The job market would be more competitive.
D．It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.
44、An important feature of a society in which people live a long life is that
A．it places more emphasis on educating the young.
B．it is both wise and energetic.
C．it lacks the curiosity to experiment what is new.
D．it welcomes changes.
45、Which of the following best describes Callahan 's attitude to anti-ageing technology ?
A．Optimistic.
B．Pessimistic.
C．Reserved.
D．Negative.
31、回答31-45题：
Knitting
My mother knew how to knit (编织), but she never taught me. She assumed, as did many women of her generation, that knitting was no longer a skill worth passing down from mother to daughter. A combination of feminism (女权主义) and consumerism (消费主义) made many women feel that such homely accomplishments were now out of date. My Grandmother still knitted, though, and every Christmas she made a pair of socks for my brother and me, of red wool. They were the ones we wore under our ice skates (冰鞋), when it was really important to have warm feet.
Knitting is a nervous habit that happens to be productive. It helped me quit smoking by giving my hands something else to do. It is wonderful for depression because no matter what else happens, you are creating something beautiful. Time spent in front of the television or just sitting is no longer time wasted.
I love breathing life into the patterns. It's true magic, finding a neglected, dog-eared old book with the perfect snowflake design, buying the same Germantown wool my grandmother used, in the exact blue to match my daughter's eyes; taking it on the train with me every day for two months, working enthusiastically to get it done by Christmas, staying up late after the stockings are filled to sew in the sleeves and weave in the ends.
Knitting has taught me patience. I know that if I just keep going, even if it takes months, there will be a reward. When I make a mistake, I know that anger will not fix it, that I just have to go back and take out the stitches (针脚) between and start over again.
People often ask if I would do it for money, and the answer is always a definite no. In the first place, you could not pay me enough for the hours I put into a sweater. But more important, this is an activity I keep separate from such considerations. I knit to cover my children and other people I love in warmth and color. I knit to give them something earthly that money could never buy.
Knitting gives my life an alternative rhythm to the daily deadline. By day I can write about Northern Ireland or the New York City Police Department and get paid for it, but on the train home, surrounded by people with laptops, I stage my little rebellion: I take out my old knitting bag and join the centuries of women who have knitted for love.
Why did many women feel that knitting was out of date?
A．Because their mothers didn't teach them.
B．Because they were influenced by feminism and consumerism
C．Because they were feminists.
D．Because they were consumerists.
32、The author wore the red socks her grandmother had knitted for her
A．when she went to school.
B．when she went sightseeing.
C．when she celebrated Christmas.
D．when she went skating.
33、The word "quit" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A．"give up".
B．"speed up".
C．"slow down".
D．"build up".
34、According to the passage， which of the following statements about knitting is NOT true?
A．Knitting helps one get rid of bad habits.
B．Knitting helps one get free from a bad mood.
C．Knitting requires patience.
D．Knitting is a profit-making business.
35、Which of the following is NOT the writer's purpose of knitting?
A．To save money.
B．To make full use of her leisure time.
C．To enrich her life.
D．To show her love for the family.
36、回答36-50题：
Memory Class
Stan Field knows what age can do to a person's memory, and he's not taking any chances with his. He chooses his food carefully and gets plenty of exercise. He also avoids stress, coca cola and cigarette smoke. What's more, at breakfast each morning, the 69-year-old chemical engineer swallows a plateful of pills in the hope of boosting his brain power.
Michelle Arnove is less than half Field's age, but no less concerned about her
memory. While working round the clock to finish a degree in film studies, the 33-year-old New Yorker had the alarming sensation that she had stopped retaining anything. "I couldn't even remember names," she says. "1 thought, 'Oh no, I'm over 30. It's all downhill from here'." Besides loading up on supplements, Arnove signed up for a memory-enhancing course at New York's Mount Siani Medical Center. And when she got there, she found herself surrounded by people who were just as worried as she was.
For millions of Americans, and especially for baby boomers (生育高峰期出生的人), the demands of the Information Age conflict with a sense of declining physical power. "When boomers were in their 30s and 40s, they launched the fitness boom," says Cynthia Green, the psychologist who teaches Mount Sinai's memory class. "Now we have the mental-fitness boom. Memory is the boomers' new life-crisis issue." And of course a major marketing opportunity. The demand for books and seminars has never been greater, says Jack Lannom, a Iongtime memory trainer whose weekly TV show,
"Mind Unlimited," goes out to 33 million homes on the Christian Network. Anxious consumers are rushing to buy do-it-yourself programs and supplement makers are trying to sell everything but sawdust (木屑) as a brain booster.
But before you get out your checkbook, a few questions are in order. Does everyday forgetfulness signal declining brain function? Is "megamemory" (超强记忆) a realistic goal for normal people? And if you could have a perfect memory, would you really want it? Until recently, no one could address those issues with much authority, but our knowledge of memory is exploding. New techniques are revealing how different parts of the brain interact to preserve meaningful experiences. Biologists are trying to understand the underlying (潜在的) chemical processes and neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) are discovering how age, stress ,and other factors can disrupt them. No one is close to finding the secret to perfect recall, but as you'll see, that may be just as well.
What does Stan Field take at breakfast?
A．Food only.
B．Food and pills.
C．Nothing.
D．A plateful of pills only.
37、What is the meaning of "working round the clock"?
A．Repairing clocks.
B．Making clocks.
C．Working with a clock nearby.
D．Working day and night.
38、Many baby-boomers living in the Information Age feel that
A．their financial status is declining.
B．their political influence is declining.
C．their physical power is declining.
D．their will power is declining.
39、Which of the following does NOT indicate people's enhanced awareness of the importance of memory?
A．More demand for books on memory.
B．More demand for seminars on memory.
C．More demand for memory-enhancing supplements.
D．More demand for coca cola and cigarettes.
40、According to the writer， the secret to perfect memory
A．has been found.
B．will never be found.
C．was found a long time ago.
D．is not in sight yet.
41、回答41-55题：
Who Want to Live Forever?
If your doctor could give you a drug that would let you live a healthy life for twice as long ，would you take it?
The good news is that we may be drawing near to that date，Scientists have already extended the lives of flies ，worms and mice in laboratories. Many now think that using genetic treatments we will soon be able to extend human life to at least 140 years. This seems a great idea. Think of how much more time we could spend chasing our dreams，spending time with our loved ones，watching our families grow and have families of their own.
"Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes and promote long term thinking," says Dr Gregory Stock of the University Of California School Of Public Health. "It would also raise productivity by adding to the year we can work."
Longer lives don't just affect the people who live them. They also affect society as a whole. "We have war，poverty，all sorts of issues around，and I don't think any of them would be at all helped by having people live longer," says US bioethicist Daniel Callahan."The question is 'What will we get as a society? 'I suspect it won't be a better society."
It would certainly be a very different society. People are already finding it more difficult to stay married. Divorce rates are rising. What would happen to marriage in a society where people lived for 140 years? And what would happen to family life if nine or 10 generations of the same family were all alive at the same time?
Research into ageing may enable women to remain fertile for longer. And that raises the prospect of having 100-year-old parents，or brothers and sisters born 50 years apart. We think of an elder sibling as someone who can protect us and offer help and advice. That would be hard to do if that sibling came from a completely different generation.
Working life would also be affected，especially if the retirement age was lifted. More people would stay in work for longer. That would give us the benefits of age-skill，wisdom and good judgment.
On the other hand，more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals，making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?
Young people would be a smaller part of a society in which people lived to 140. It may be that such a society would place less importance on guiding and educating young people，and more on making life comfortable for the old.
And society would feel very different if more of its members were older. There would be more wisdom，but less energy. Young people like to move about. Old people like to sit still. Young people tend to act without thinking. Old people tend to think without acting. Young people are curious and like to experience different things. Old people are less enthusiastic about change. In fact ，they are less enthusiastic about everything.
The effect of anti-ageing technology is deeper than we might think. But as the science advances，we need to think about these changes now. " If this could ever happen，then we'd better ask what kind of society we want to get，" says Daniel Callahan. "We had better not go anywhere near it until we have figure those problems out."
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the things that living longer might enable an individual to do?
A．Spending more time with his family.
B．Having more education.
C．Realizing more dreams.
D．Working longer.
42、 Which of the following is implied in the sixth paragraph?
A．Marriages in the US today are quite unstable.
B．More and more people in the US today want to get married.
C．Living longer would make it easier for people to maintain their marital ties.
D．If people live longer ，they would stay in marriage longer.
43、All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT
A．Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult.
B．More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees.
C．The job market would be more competitive.
D．It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.
44、An important feature of a society in which people live a long life is that
A．it places more emphasis on educating the young.
B．it is both wise and energetic.
C．it lacks the curiosity to experiment what is new.
D．it welcomes changes.
45、Which of the following best describes Callahan 's attitude to anti-ageing technology ?
A．Optimistic.
B．Pessimistic.
C．Reserved.
D．Negative.
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