四六级备考重要实用基础知识:主谓一致
2007-11-20来源:
我在这里说的主谓一致并不是指单纯的语法现象,而是在写作中的具体应用,这也是我为什么说是实用基础知识的原因,大家都知道主谓一致的语法点很多,我在这里只总结了写作中最常用的几点:
(1) 当单数名词做主语后接with,together with,as well as,rather than等短语做定语时,谓语动词形式不受定语的影响,也就是说无论定语中名词或者代词是单数还是复数,谓语动词只和主语保持一致,在写作中可经常用到这一点。看下面这个例子: 老师和同学们步行去那里。这句话怎么翻译呢?我想很多人如果在写作中想表达这个意思会翻译成The teacher and his students are going there on foot.这样的句子显得有些单调,如果应用我们上面说的这个语言点时,可以说:The teacher together with his students is going there on foot.大家可以比较一下这2句话的差别,是不是第2个句子更有“档次”些呢?但是如果第2个句子的谓语动词is搞错,不但提高不了分数,反而弄巧成拙扣了很多分,这一点一定要注意。 (2) 有些同学想增加文章的亮点,会尝试使用一些名词性从句或者非谓语动词短语做主语,这种情况也要注意谓语动词的准确使用。名词性从句或者非谓语动词短语做主语时往往表达一种抽象概念,谓语动词应该用单数形式,看下面2句话:Driving cars is easy. To protect the fruits of our country victory is our sacred duty. (3) Neither nor,either or,not only but also等句型在写作种也比较常用,这种句子中的谓语动词应该取决与主语中邻近部分,看下面这个句子:Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching TV. (4) 在议论文写作中会经常遇到“大量许多”,很多同学只会用many much这种简单的表达,我把它的短语表达方式总结一下供大家写作时使用。 第一组:A large amount of,large amounts of (只修饰不可数名词) 例句:A large amount of damage was done in a very short time. Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge. 第二组:A large number of,large numbers of 第三组:A lot of,lots of 第四组:A large quantity of,quantities of. 第五组 many a ,more than one 例句:Many a way has been tried. More than one example is necessary to make students understand this rule clearly. 如果使用这组表达也要特别注意谓语动词的形式,many a ,more than one做定语修饰主语的单数可数名词时,虽然表示复数概念但是谓语动词要用单数。
(1) 当单数名词做主语后接with,together with,as well as,rather than等短语做定语时,谓语动词形式不受定语的影响,也就是说无论定语中名词或者代词是单数还是复数,谓语动词只和主语保持一致,在写作中可经常用到这一点。看下面这个例子: 老师和同学们步行去那里。这句话怎么翻译呢?我想很多人如果在写作中想表达这个意思会翻译成The teacher and his students are going there on foot.这样的句子显得有些单调,如果应用我们上面说的这个语言点时,可以说:The teacher together with his students is going there on foot.大家可以比较一下这2句话的差别,是不是第2个句子更有“档次”些呢?但是如果第2个句子的谓语动词is搞错,不但提高不了分数,反而弄巧成拙扣了很多分,这一点一定要注意。 (2) 有些同学想增加文章的亮点,会尝试使用一些名词性从句或者非谓语动词短语做主语,这种情况也要注意谓语动词的准确使用。名词性从句或者非谓语动词短语做主语时往往表达一种抽象概念,谓语动词应该用单数形式,看下面2句话:Driving cars is easy. To protect the fruits of our country victory is our sacred duty. (3) Neither nor,either or,not only but also等句型在写作种也比较常用,这种句子中的谓语动词应该取决与主语中邻近部分,看下面这个句子:Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching TV. (4) 在议论文写作中会经常遇到“大量许多”,很多同学只会用many much这种简单的表达,我把它的短语表达方式总结一下供大家写作时使用。 第一组:A large amount of,large amounts of (只修饰不可数名词) 例句:A large amount of damage was done in a very short time. Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge. 第二组:A large number of,large numbers of 第三组:A lot of,lots of 第四组:A large quantity of,quantities of. 第五组 many a ,more than one 例句:Many a way has been tried. More than one example is necessary to make students understand this rule clearly. 如果使用这组表达也要特别注意谓语动词的形式,many a ,more than one做定语修饰主语的单数可数名词时,虽然表示复数概念但是谓语动词要用单数。
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