2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案下载（三套全）

2018年6月英语四级考试真题及答案

2018年6月英语四级考试真题及答案 (1.48 MB)

第一套

Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay o
n the importanceof reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at l
east 120 words but no more than180 words.
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Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear threenews reports. At the end of each
news report, youwill hear two or three questions. Both the news report and t
he questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must ch
oose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then m
ark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the
centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.
B) A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.
C) A father's message for his daughter.
D) The history of a century-old motel.
2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.
B) She wanted to honor her father's promise.
C) She had been asked by her father to do so.
D) She was excited to see her father's handwriting.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) People were concerned about the number of bees.
B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.
C) Two million bees were infected with disease.
D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.
4. A) It apologized to its customers.
B) It was forced to kill its bees.
C) It lost a huge stock of bees.
D) It lost 2.5 million dollars.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours.
B) It took off and landed on a football field.
C) It proved to be of high commercial value.
D) It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.
6. A) Engineering problems.
B) The air pollution it produced.
C) Inadequate funding.
D) The opposition from the military.
7. A) It uses the latest aviation technology.
B) It flies faster than a commercial jet.
C) It is a safer means of transportation.
D) It is more environmentally friendly.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of
eachconversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and
the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must c
hoose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then
mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through th
e centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) It seems a depressing topic.
B) It sounds quite alarming.
C) It has little impact on our daily life.
D) It is getting more serious these days.
9. A) The man doesn't understand Spanish.
B) The woman doesn't really like dancing.
C) They don't want something too noisy.
D) They can't make it to the theatre in time.
10. A) It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting.
B) It has too many acts to hold the audience's attention.
C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.
D) It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.
11. A) Watch a comedy.
B) Go and see the dance.
C) Book the tickets online.
D) See a film with the man.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.
B) She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.
C) There are too many activities for her to cope with.
D) She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.
13. A) Seek advice from senior students.
B) Pick up some meaningful hobbies.
C) Participate in after-school activities.
D) Look into what the school offers.
14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it.
B) Accept her as a transfer student.
C) Find her accommodation on campus.
D) Introduce her to her roommates.
15. A) She has interests similar to Mr. Lee's.
B) She has become friends with Catherine.
C) She has chosen the major Catherine has.
D) She has just transferred to the college.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each p
assage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questi
ons will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). Then mark the c
orresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) To investigate how being overweight impacts on health.
B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.
C) To discover what most mice like to eat.
D) To determine what feelings mice have.
17. A) When they are hungry.
B) When they are thirsty.
C) When they smell food.
D) When they want company.
18. A) They search for food in groups.
B) They are overweight when food is plenty.
C) They prefer to be with other mice.
D) They enjoy the company of other animals.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) Its construction started before World War I.
B) Its construction cost more than $ 40 billion.
C) It is efficiently used for transport.
D) It is one of the best in the world.
20. A) To improve transportation in the countryside.
B) To move troops quickly from place to place.
C) To enable people to travel at a higher speed.
D) To speed up the transportation of goods.
21. A) In the 1970s.
B) In the 1960s.
C) In the 1950s.
D) In the 1940s.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) Chatting while driving.
B) Messaging while driving.
C) Driving under age.
D) Speeding on highways.
23. A) A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel.
B) A gadget to charge the phone in a car.
C) A device to control the speed of a vehicle.
D) A device to ensure people drive with both hands.
24. A) The car keeps flashing its headlights.
B) The car slows down gradually to a halt.
C) They are alerted with a light and a sound.
D) They get a warning on their smart phone.
25. A) Installing a camera.
B) Using a connected app.
C) Checking their emails.
D) Keeping a daily record
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are require
d to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank
following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your
choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the cor
responding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through t
he centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar p
anels. They areused to create some of the energy used by the insurance co
mpany inside. When the towerwas first 26 in 1962, it was covered with thin s
quare stones. These small square stonesbecame a problem for the building an
d continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a majorrenovation was 27 . D
uring this renovation the building's owners, CIS, 28 the solar panelcompany,
Solarcentury. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 200
4, thecompleted CIS tower became Europe's largest 29 of vertical solar pane
ls. A vertical solarproject on such a large 30 has never been repeated since.
Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and th
e CIS towerwas chosen as one of the "10 best green energy projects". For a l
ong time after thisrenovation project, it was the tallest building in the United
Kingdom, but it was 31 overtakenby the Millbank Tower.
Green buildings like this aren't 32 cost-efficient for the investor, but it does
produce muchless pollution than that caused by energy 33 through fossil f
uels. As solar panels get 34 , theworld is likely to see more skyscrapers cover
ed in solar panels, collecting energy much liketrees do. Imagine a world wher
e building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of 35 , butrather one to colle
ct the most solar energy.
A) cheaper B) cleaner C) collection D) competed E) constructed F) consulte
d G)dimension H) discovered I) eventually J) height K) necessarily L) produ
ction M) range N)scale O) undertaken
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statemen
ts attached toit. Each statement contains information given in one of the par
agraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You ma
y choose a paragraph more thanonce. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.
Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Some College Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their Homewo
rk
A) Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to c
ompletecoursework, take quizzes, and turn in homework. As universities go di
gital, students arecomplaining of a new hit to their finances that's replacing—
and sometimes joining—expensivetextbooks: pricey online access codes that
are required to complete coursework and submitassignments.
B) The codes—which typically range in price from $ 80 to $ 155 per course—
give studentsonline access to systems developed by education companies like
McGraw Hill and Pearson.These companies, which long reaped big profits as t
extbook publishers, have boasted thattheir new online offerings, when pushed
to students through universities they partner with,represent the future of th
e industry.
C) But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking e
thos (观
念) ofthe textbook business, and are even harder for students to opt out of. W
hile they could oncebuy second-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends,
the digital systems are essentiallyimpossible to avoid.
D)
"When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbo
okmonopoly (垄
断), a new way to lock students around this system," said Ethan Senack, thehi
gher education advocate for the U.S. Public Interest Research Group, to Buz
zFeed News. "Rather than $250
(for a print textbook) you're paying $ 120," said Senack.
"But because it'sall digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates
any sharing and becausehomework and tests are through an access code, it
eliminates any ability to opt out."
E) Sarina Harpet, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tou
gh dilemmawhen she first started college in 2015—pay rent or pay to turn in
her chemistry homework.She told BuzzFeed News that her freshman chemist
ry class required her to use Connect, asystem provided by McGraw Hill where
students can submit homework, take exams andtrack their grades. But the c
ode to access the program cost $ 120—a big sum for Harper,who had already
put down $ 450 for textbooks, and had rent day approaching.
F) She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically
$ 150-
$ 200, topay for the code. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a div
e as a result. "It's abalancing act," she said.
"Can I really afford these access codes now?" She didn't hand in herfirst two
assignments for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a failing gr
ade.
G) The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for t
extbookbusinesses, they're the future. McGraw Hill, which controls 21% of th
e higher educationmarket, reported in March that its digital content sales exc
eeded print sales for the first timein 2015. The company said that 45% of its
$ 140 million revenue in 2015 "was derived fromdigital products."
H) A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that "digital materials are les
s expensive anda good investment" that offer new features, like audio texts,
personalized knowledge checksand expert videos. Its digital course materials
save students up to 60% compared totraditional printed textbooks, the com
pany added. McGraw Hill didn't respond to a requestfor comment, but its C
EO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that "in highereducation, th
e era of the printed textbook is now over."
I) The textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for
students.
"These digital products aren't just mechanisms for students to submit homew
ork, they offerall kinds of features," David Anderson, the executive director
of higher education with theAssociation of American Publishers, told BuzzFeed
News.
"It helps students understand in away that you can't do with print homewor
k assignments."
J) David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, whi
ch has rolledout digital textbooks across its math and psychology department
s, told BuzzFeed News thathe understands the utility of using systems that re
quire access codes. But he doesn't requirehis students to buy access to a lear
ning program that controls the class assignments.
"I try tomake things as inexpensive as possible," said Hunt, who uses free di
gital textbooks for hisclasses but designs his own curriculum.
"The online systems may make my life a lot easierbut I feel like I'm giving up
control. The discussions are the things where my expertise canbenefit the
students most."
K) A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News th
at she normallyspends $ 500-$ 600 on access codes for class. In one case, th
e professor didn't requirestudents to buy a textbook, just an access code to t
urn in homework. This year she said shespent $ 900 on access codes to book
s and programs. "That's two months of rent," she said.
"You can't sell any of it back. With a traditional textbook you can sell it for $
30 -
$ 50 andthat helps to pay for your new semester's books. With an access cod
e, you're out of thatmoney. "
L) Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Caro
lina, toldBuzzFeed News that "it's ridiculous that after paying tens of thousa
nds in tuition we have topay for all these access codes to do our homework."
Many of the access codes he's purchasedhave been required simply to comple
te homework or quizzes. "Often it's only 10% of yourgrade in class." he said.
"You're paying so much money for something that hardly affects yourgrade—
but if you didn't have it, it would affect your grades enough. It would be bad
to startout at a B or C." Wolverton said he spent $ 500 on access codes for di
gital books andprograms this semester.
M) Harper, a poultry (家
禽) science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buya new ac
cess code to hand in her homework. She rented her economics and statisticst
extbooks for about $ 20 each. But her access codes for homework, which can'
t be rented orbought second-hand, were her most expensive purchases:
$ 120 and $ 85.
N) She still remembers the sting of her first experience skipping an assignm
ent due to thehigh prices.
"We don't really have a missed assignment policy," she said.
"If you miss it,you just miss it. I just got zeros on a couple of first assignment
s. I managed to pulleverything back up. But as a scared freshman looking at t
heir grades, it's not fun."
36. A student's yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for
two months.
37. The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the d
igital system.
38. If a student takes a course again, they may have to buy a new access co
de to submittheir assignments.
39. McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college text
books.
40. Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital prod
ucts, which theybelieve will be the future of the publishing business.
41. One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in ad
dition to thehigh tuition.
42. Digital materials can cost students less than half the price of traditional
printed booksaccording to a publisher.
43. One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pa
y for her part-time job.
44. Online systems may deprive teachers of opportunities to make the best u
se of theirexpertise for their students.
45. Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like
the textbookbusiness.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by s
ome questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four cho
ices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark
the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the cen
tre.
Passage One
Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of
dementia (痴呆
症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn't w
orry. There arepretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-rel
ated memory loss.
After age 50, it's quite common to have trouble remembering the names of p
eople, placesand things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women'
s Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially a
reas in thebrain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Chang
es in brain cells can affectcommunication between different regions of the
brain. And blood flow can be reduced asblood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing t
o worry about.But if you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember even
seeing it, that's far moreconcerning, Daffner says.
When you forget entire experiences, he says, that's "a red flag that somethin
g more seriousmay be involved." Forgetting how to operate a familiar object
like a microwave oven, orforgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you'
ve visited many times before can also besigns of something going wrong.
But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn't panic. There are many things t
hat can causeconfusion and memory loss, including health problems like te
mporary stoppage ofbreathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depres
sion, as well as medications (药物)like antidepressants.
You don't have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to you
r doctor tocheck on medications, health problems and other issues that could
be affecting memory. Andthe best defense against memory loss is to try to
prevent it by building up your brain'scognitive (认知
的) reserve, Daffner says.
"Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to
think in novelways," he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and worki
ng. And also get physicallyactive, because exercise is a known brain booster.
46. Why does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memory
slips?
A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
B) They occur only among certain groups of people.
C) Not all of them are related to one's age.
D) They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.
47. What happens as we become aged according to the passage?
A) Our interaction skills deteriorate.
B) Some parts of our brain stop functioning.
C) Communication within our brain weakens.
D) Our whole brain starts shrinking.
48. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?
A) Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines.
B) Inability to recall details of one's life experiences.
C) Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.
D) Occasionally confusing the addresses of one's friends.
49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?
A) Check the brain's cognitive reserve.
B) Stop medications affecting memory.
C) Turn to a professional for assistance.
D) Exercise to improve their well-being.
50. What is Dr. Daffner's advice for combating memory loss?
A) Having regular physical and mental checkups.
B) Taking medicine that helps boost one's brain.
C) Engaging in known memory repair activities.
D) Staying active both physically and mentally.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
A letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the Smithson
ian InstitutionArchives (档案馆) by the FBI after being stolen twice.
"We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing," says Effie Kapsalis, head
of theSmithsonian Insitution Archives.
"It was noted as missing and likely taken by an intern (实习
生), from what the FBI is telling us. Word got out that it was missing when so
meone asked tosee the letter for research purposes," and the intern put the l
etter back.
"The intern likelytook the letter again once nobody was watching it."
Decades passed. Finally, the FBI received a tip that the stolen document was
located veryclose to Washington, D.C. Their art crime team recovered the let
ter but were unable to presscharges because the time of limitations had ende
d. The FBI worked closely with the Archivesto determine that the letter was
both authentic and definitely Smithsonian's property.
The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdina
nd VandeveerHayden, for sending him copies of his research into the geology
of the region that wouldbecome Yellowstone National Park.
The letter is in fairly good condition, in spite of being out of the care of traine
d museum stafffor so long. "It was luckily in good shape," says Kapsalis,
"and we just have to do someminor things in order to be able to unfold it. It
has some glue on it that has colored itslightly, but nothing that will preven
t us from using it. After it is repaired, we will takedigital photos of it and that
will be available online. One of our goals is to get items of highresearch valu
e or interest to the public online."
It would now be difficult for an intern, visitor or a thief to steal a document li
ke this.
"Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s," says Kapsalis,
"and we keep ourhigh value documents in a safe that I don't even have acces
s to."
51. What happened to Darwin's letter in the 1970s?
A) It was recovered by the FBI.
B) It was stolen more than once.
C) It was put in the archives for research purposes.
D) It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.
52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?
A) They proved its authenticity.
B) They kept it in a special safe.
C) They arrested the suspect immediately.
D) They pressed criminal charges in vain.
53. What is Darwin's letter about?
A) The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.
B) His cooperation with an American geologist.
C) Some geological evidence supporting his theory.
D) His acknowledgement of help from a professional.
54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according
to Kapsalis?
A) Reserve it for research purposes only.
B) Turn it into an object of high interest.
C) Keep it a permanent secret.
D) Make it available online.
55. What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?
A) Growing interest in rare art objects.
B) Radical changes in archiving practices.
C) Recovery of various missing documents.
D) Increases in the value of museum exhibits.
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage fr
om Chineseinto English. You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2.
过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。如今，随着经济的发展和生活水平的
提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行。他们可以乘飞机到
达所有大城市，还有很多城市也在筹建机场。航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有廉价机票。
近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人数在不断增加。
2018 年 6 月四级部分真题参考答案(完整版)
Part Ⅰ Writing
The Importance of Reading Ability and How toDevelop It
As the most frequently used way to get access to the original material, readi
ng has alwaysbeen considered one of the most important parts of language le
arning. This explains whyreading skills should be highly emphasized.
Then how to improve our reading skills? First of all, scan the material before
we begin.Whatever the purpose of our reading is, take a few minutes to look
the piece over to checkand see how the work is structured and presented. S
econdly, try not to reach for thedictionary when we come to a word we don't
know. Instead, try to guess the meaning of theword based on the context. L
ast but not least, write a few sentences to summarize whatwe've read since
it is a way of checking that we understand what we're reading.
Above all, reading has important benefits and can help us learn the language
faster and morecompletely, which encourages each language learner to devel
op their reading skills assuggested.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.
2. B) She wanted to honor her father's promise.
3. B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.
4. C) It lost a huge stock of bees.
5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours.
6. C) Inadequate funding.
7. D) It is more environmentally friendly.
8. A) It seems a depressing topic.
9. D) They can't make it to the theatre in time.
10. C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.
11. B) Go and see the dance.
12. D) She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.
13. C) Participate in after-school activities.
14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it.
15. D) She has just transferred to the college.
16. B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.
17. A) When they are hungry.
18. C) They prefer to be with other mice.
19. D) It is one of the best in the world.
20. B) To move troops quickly from place to place.
21. A) In the 1970s.
22. B) Messaging while driving.
23. D) A device to ensure people drive with both hands.
24. C) They are alerted with a light and a sound.
25. B) Using a connected app.
Part III Reading Comprehension
26-35: EOFCN IKLAJ
36-45: KDMGB LHFJC
46-55: ACACD BADDB
Part IV Translation
In the past, traveling by plane was unimaginable for most Chinese people. To
day, with thedevelopment of China's economy and the improvement of peop
le's living standards, moreand more Chinese people, including many farmers
and migrant workers, can travel by air.They can fly to all major cities, and ma
ny other cities are also planning to build airports. Airservices continue to impr
ove, and there are often cheap flights. In recent years, the numberof people c
hoosing to travel by air during holidays has been increasing.