2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案下载（三套全）

Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay o
n the importanceof writing ability and how to develop it. You should write at l
east 120 words but no more than180 words.
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Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear threenews reports. At the end of each
news report, youwill hear two or three questions. Both the news report and t
he questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must ch
oose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then m
ark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the
centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A) Annoyed.
B) Scared.
C) Confused.
D) Offended.
2. A) It crawled over the woman's hands.
B) It wound up on the steering wheel.
C) It was killed by the police on the spot.
D) It was covered with large scales.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) A study of the fast-food service.
B) Fast food customer satisfaction.
C) McDonald's new business strategies.
D) Competition in the fast-food industry.
4. A) Customers' higher demands.
B) The inefficiency of employees.
C) Increased variety of products.
D) The rising number of customers.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) International treaties regarding space travel programs.
B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration.
C) U.S. government's approval of private space missions.
D) Competition among public and private space companies.
6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.
B) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space.
C) Work with federal agencies on space programs.
D) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars.
7. A) It is significant.
B) It is promising.
C) It is unpredictable.
D) It is unprofitable.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of
eachconversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and
the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must c
hoose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then
mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through th
e centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) Visiting her family in Thailand.
B) Showing friends around Phuket.
C) Swimming around a Thai island.
D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.
9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage.
B) She met a Thai girl's parents.
C) She learned some Thai words.
D) She sunbathed on a Thai beach.
10. A) His class will start in a minute.
B) He has got an incoming phone call.
C) Someone is knocking at his door.
D) His phone is running out of power.
11. A) He is interested in Thai artworks.
B) He is going to open a souvenir shop.
C) He collects things from different countries.
D) He wants to know more about Thai culture.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym.
B) Opening a gym and becoming personal trainers.
C) Signing up for a weight-loss course.
D) Trying out a new gym in town.
13. A) Professional personal training.
B) Free exercise for the first week.
C) A discount for a half-year membership.
D) Additional benefits for young couples.
14. A) The safety of weight-lifting.
B) The high membership fee.
C) The renewal of his membership.
D) The operation of fitness equipment.
15. A) She wants her invitation renewed.
B) She used to do 200 sit-ups every day.
C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.
D) She used to be the gym's personal trainer.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each p
assage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questi
ons will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). Then mark the c
orresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They tend to be nervous during interviews.
B) They often apply for a number of positions.
C) They worry about the results of their applications.
D) They search extensively for employers' information.
17. A) Get better organized.
B) Edit their references.
C) Find better-paid jobs.
D) Analyze the searching process.
18. A) Provide their data in detail.
B) Personalize each application.
C) Make use of better search engines.
D) Apply for more promising positions.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) If kids did not like school, real learning would not take place.
B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.
C) If schools stayed the way they are, parents were sure to protest.
D) If teaching failed to improve, kids would stay away from school.
20. A) Allow them to play interesting games in class.
B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments.
C) Let them stay home and learn from their parents.
D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.
21. A) Allow kids to learn at their own pace.
B) Encourage kids to learn from each other.
C) Organize kids into various interest groups.
D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska.
B) It is a major social activity among the young.
C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.
D) It is even more expressive than the written word.
23. A) It is located in a big city in Iowa.
B) It is really marvelous to look at.
C) It offers free dance classes to seniors.
D) It offers people a chance to socialize.
24. A) Their state of mind improved.
B) They became better dancers.
C) They enjoyed better health.
D) Their relationship strengthened.
25. A) It is fun.
B) It is life.
C) It is exhausting.
D) It is rhythmical.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are require
d to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank
following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your
choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the cor
responding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through t
he centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things
are not as bad asthey once were but, according to the American Lung Associa
tion, Los Angeles is still the worstcity in the United States for levels of 26 . Ga
zing down on the city from the Getty Center, anart museum in the Santa Moni
ca Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Oceanblurred by the haze
(霾). Nor is the state's bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the centralvalley, co
mes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents' hearts and
lungsare affected as a 28 . All of which, combined with California's reputati
on as the home oftechnological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and
testing systems designed tomonitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what A
clima, a new firm in San Francisco, has beendoing over the past few months.
It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 toyield minute-to-minu
te maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep aneye on
what is happening inside buildings, including offices.
To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google's Street View system. Davida He
rzl, Aclima'sboss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San
Francisco's transit workerswent on strike and the city's 34 were forced to us
e their cars. Conversely,
"cycle to work"days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.
A) assisted B) collaborating C) consequence D) consumers E) creating F) det
ail G)domestic H) frequently I) inhabitants J) innovation K) intended L) ou
tdoor M) pollutantsN) restricted O) sum
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statemen
ts attached toit. Each statement contains information given in one of the par
agraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You ma
y choose a paragraph more thanonce. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.
Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces 'Endangered' List
A) On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venice'
s main touristsites, the Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four brid
ges spanning the Grand Canal.It is the oldest bridge across the canal, and w
as the dividing line between the districts of SanMarco and San Polo. But on thi
s day, there was a twist: it was filled with Venetians, nottourists.
B)
"People are cheering and holding their carts in the air," says Giovanni Giorgio,
who helpedorganize the march with a grass-roots organization called Gener
azione '90. The carts herefers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a tr
ue Venetian. "It started as a joke," hesays with a laugh.
"The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur.Precisely
like that, you just go around and run people down."
C) Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But that's a p
roblem. Up to90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outn
umbering the 55,000permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key re
ason the city's population is downfrom 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumb
ered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. Andthose who stick around are tir
ed of living in a place where they can't even get to the marketwithout swimmi
ng through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through50,
000 people while on the way to school or to work.
D) Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national gove
rnments havefailed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because the
y're only interested in tourism—the primary industry in Venice, worth more t
han $3 billion in 2015. "Venice is a cash cow,"she says,
"and everyone wants a piece."
E) Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds ever
y year thatappear over their medieval (中世纪
的) surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves atthe bottom of the sea
, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves.
"Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad," Chigi says.
"You see the mud it drags; thedestruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts t
he ancient wooden poles holding up the cityunderwater. One day we'll see Ve
nice break down."
F) For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to ag
ree. Two yearsago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was not prot
ecting Venice. UNESCOconsiders the entire city a World Heritage Site, a great
honor that means Venice, at thecultural level, belongs to all of the world's pe
ople. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years tomanage Venice's flourishing to
urism or the city would be placed on another list—WorldHeritage In Danger, j
oining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.
G) Venice's deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟
哝) this summer, just as UNESCO wasmeeting in Istanbul. Only one represen
tative, Jad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise theissue.
"For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, an
d it hasnow reached a dramatic situation," Tabet told UNESCO.
"We have to act quickly—there isnot a moment to waste."
H) But UNESCO didn't even hold a vote.
"It's been postponed until 2017," says Anna Somers,the founder and CEO of T
he Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a groupdevoted to
restoring Venetian art. She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organizatio
ndidn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UN
ESCO hasbecome "intensely politicized. There would have been some back-ro
om negotiations."
I) Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in t
he world,granting it considerable power and influence within the organizatio
n. The former head of theUNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees her
itage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, aVenetian who now serves as UNESCO's as
sistant director-general for culture.
J) Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task fo
rce of police artdetectives and archaeologists (考古学
家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disastersand terror groups, suc
h as ISIS. The accord underlined Italy's global reputation as a goodstewar
d of art and culture.
K) But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered list—which is dominated by
sites indeveloping and conflict-ridden countries—would be an international e
mbarrassment, andcould even hurt Italy's profitable tourism industry. The
Italian Culture Ministry says it isunaware of any government efforts to press
ure UNESCO. As for the organization itself, itdeclined a request for an inter
view.
L) The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it
to mind its ownbusiness, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry,
which employs 5,000 Veniceresidents.
M) As for Venetians, they're beyond frustrated and hoping for a solution soo
n.
"It's anightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists aro
und," says Giorgio ashe navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridg
e.
"There are just so many of them.They never know where they are going, and
do not walk in an orderly manner. Navigatingthe streets can be exhausting."
N) Then it hits him: This crowd isn't made up of tourists. They're Venetians. G
iorgio says he'snever experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 yea
rs.
"For once, we are the oneswho are blocking the traffic," he says delightedly.
"It feels unreal. It feels like we're someform of endangered species. It's just
nice. The feeling is just pure." But, he worries, iftourism isn't managed and hi
s fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generationmight be the l
ast who can call themselves native Venetians.
36. The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient b
uildings inVenice.
37. The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to t
ake measures toprotect its cultural heritage.
38. The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few ye
ars.
39. The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly
due to theincrease of tourists.
40. If tourism gets out of control, native Venetians may desert the city altog
ether one day.
41. UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to p
rotect Venice.
42. The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they
were 100% localresidents.
43. Ignoring UNESCO's warning, the mayor of Venice maintains his support of
the city'stourism industry.
44. One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local author
ities have onlyfocused on the revenues from tourism.
45. UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Si
tes In Danger.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by s
ome questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four cho
ices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark
the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the cen
tre.
Passage One
Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.
Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impac
t on people'smental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers found
moving to a green spacehad a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or
promotions, which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author Mathew Whit
e, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that thestudy showed people li
ving in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs ofdepression or an
xiety. "There could be a number of reasons," he said,
"for example,people do many things to make themselves happier: they strive
for promotion or pay rises,or they get married. But the trouble with those t
hings is that within six months to a year,people are back to their original bas
eline levels of well-being. So, these things are notsustainable; they don't mak
e us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery (彩
票) winners who had won more than ￡500,000 the positive effect was definit
ely there, butafter six months to a year, they were back to the baseline."
Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas
had a lastingpositive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the ef
fect also disappeared after aperiod of time. To do this, the team used data fro
m the British Household Panel Surveycompiled by the University of Essex.
Explaining what the data revealed, he said:
"What you see is that even after three years,mental health is still better, whi
ch is unlike many other things that we think will make ushappy." He observed
that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressedpeopl
e made more sensible decisions and communicated better.
With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green sp
aces and apositive impact on human well-being, Dr. White said,
"There's growing interest among publicpolicy officials, but the trouble is who f
unds it. What we really need at a policy level is todecide where the money wi
ll come from to help support good quality local green spaces."
46. According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?
A) Improve their work efficiency.
B) Add to their sustained happiness.
C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.
D) Lessen their concerns about material well-being.
47. What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier?
A) Earn more money.
B) Settle in an urban area.
C) Gain fame and popularity.
D) Live in a green environment.
48. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area?
A) How it affects different people.
B) How strong its positive effect is.
C) How long its positive effect lasts.
D) How it benefits people physically.
49. What did Dr. White's research reveal about people living in a green envir
onment?
A) Their stress was more apparent than real.
B) Their decisions required less deliberation.
C) Their memories were greatly strengthened.
D) Their communication with others improved.
50. According to Dr. White, what should the government do to build more gre
en spaces incities?
A) Find financial support.
B) Improve urban planning.
C) Involve local residents in the effort.
D) Raise public awareness of the issue.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
You probably know about the Titanic, but it was actually just one of three stat
e-of-the-art (先进
的) ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class ships were built by the Har
land &Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line com
pany. The Olympic classincluded the Olympic, the Britannic and the Titanic. W
hat you may not know is that the Titanicwasn't even the flagship of this class.
All in all, the Olympic class ships were marvels of seaengineering, but they s
eemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.
The Olympic launched first in 1910, followed by the Titanic in 1911, and lastly
the Britannic in1914. The ships had nine decks, and White Star Line decided
to focus on making them themost luxurious ships on the water.
Stretching 269.13 meters, the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval tec
hnology, andeveryone thought that they would continue to be so for quite so
me time. However, allsuffered terrible accidents on the open seas. The Olymp
ic got wrecked before the Titanic did,but it was the only one to survive and
maintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanicwas the first to sink after
famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this disaster,the Britanni
c hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well.
Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by ex
hausted crewsbelow deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the shi
p's smoke stacks, but thefourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and
served no functional purpose. While twoof these ships sank, they were all de
signed with double hulls (船
体) believed to make them"unsinkable", perhaps a mistaken idea that led to t
he Titanic's and the Britannic's tragic end.
The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a
hospital ship andtroop transport in World War I. Eventually, she was taken o
ut of service in 1935, ending theera of the luxurious Olympic class ocean lin
ers.
51. What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships?
A) They performed marvellously on the sea.
B) They could all break the ice in their way.
C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes.
D) They were models of modern engineering.
52. What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships?
A) Their capacity of sailing across all waters.
B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.
C) Their ability to survive disasters of any kind.
D) The long voyages they were able to undertake.
53. What is said about the fourth stack of the ships?
A) It was a mere piece of decoration.
B) It was the work of a famous artist.
C) It was designed to let out extra smoke.
D) It was easily identifiable from afar.
54. What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic?
A) Their unscientific designs.
B) Their captains' misjudgment.
C) The assumption that they were built with the latest technology.
D) The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.
55. What happened to the ship Olympic in the end?
A) She was used to carry troops.
B) She was sunk in World War I.
C) She was converted into a hospital ship.
D) She was retired after her naval service.
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage fr
om Chineseinto English. You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2.
公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问
题越来越严重。许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质
量。车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高。然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。现
在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。
2018 年 6 月四级部分真题参考答案(完整版)
Part Ⅰ Writing
The Importance of Writing Ability and How toDevelop It
As the most productive and communicative way to express ourselves, writin
g is attachedgreat importance in all ages. Whether we want to improve our wr
iting skills as a creativewriter or simply perfect our skills for schoolwork, we
can take some steps to learn how to bea better writer.
Firstly, in order to make our writing creative and imaginative, brainstormin
g is one of thekey elements to build up a unique topic. Don't hesitate to take
down all the ideas that comeinto our mind. Secondly, a good development of
our writing is based on a clear structure orparagraph organization. Even a si
mple outline will help us see the big picture and save ushours of rewriting. Fi
nally, diversity of vocabulary and grammar used in writing is highlyrecomme
nded for the reason that one of the most common manifestations of bad writi
ng isoveruse or reuse of simple language.
To sum up, we should take practice and expand our knowledge to become a
great writer.With enough hard work and scientific techniques, we will amaze n
ot only ourselves but alsoanybody else.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1. B) Scared.
2. D) It was covered with large scales.
3. A) A study of the fast-food service.
4. C) Increased variety of products.
5. C) U.S. government's approval of private space missions.
6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.
7. B) It is promising.
8. D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.
9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage.
10. D) His phone is running out of power.
11. C) He collects things from different countries.
12. D) Trying out a new gym in town.
13. C) A discount for a half-year membership.
14. A) The safety of weight-lifting.
15. C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.
16. B) They often apply for a number of positions.
17. A) Get better organized.
18. B) Personalize each application.
19. B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.
20. D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.
21. D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand.
22. C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.
23. D) It offers people a chance to socialize.
24. A) Their state of mind improved.
25. B) It is life.
Part III Reading Comprehension
26-35: MNCJF KLBIE
36-45: EJGCN FBLDH
46-55: BACDA CBADD
Part IV Translation
Buses used to be the main means of transportation for the Chinese people.
In recent years,with the number of private cars increasing, cities have been f
acing increasingly severe trafficproblems. To encourage more people to trav
el by bus, many cities have been makingefforts to improve bus services. Bus f
acilities have been continuously renovated, and busspeed has also increased
dramatically. However, bus fares are still cheap. Now, in mostcities, many loc
al elderly citizens can take a bus for free.