2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案下载（三套全）

Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay o
n the importanceof speaking ability and how to develop it. You should write at
least 120 words but no morethan 180 words.
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Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
说明：由于 2018 年 6 月四级考试全国共考了两套听力, 本套真题听力与前两套内容相同,
只是选项顺序不同, 因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are require
d to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank
following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your
choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the cor
responding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through t
he centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Neon (霓
虹) is to Hong Kong as red phone booths are to London and fog is to San Fran
cisco.When night falls, red and blue and other colors 26 a hazy (雾蒙蒙
的) glow over a city lit up bytens of thousands of neon signs. But many of the
m are going dark, 27 by more practical, butless romantic, LEDs (发光二极管).
Changing building codes, evolving tastes, and the high cost of maintaining tho
se wonderful oldsigns have businesses embracing LEDs, which are energy 28
, but still carry great cost.
"Tome, neon represents memories of the past," says photographer Sharon
Blance, whoseseries Hong Kong Neon celebrates the city's famous signs.
"Looking at the signs now I get afeeling of amazement, mixed with sadness."
Building a neon sign is an art practiced by 29 trained on the job to mold glas
s tubes into 30shapes and letters. They fill these tubes with gases that glow
when 31 . Neon makes orange,while other gases make yellow or blue. It take
s many hours to craft a single sign.
Blance spent a week in Hong Kong and 32 more than 60 signs;
22 of them appear in theseries that capture the signs lighting up lonely stree
ts—an 33 that makes it easy to admiretheir colors and craftsmanship.
"I love the beautiful, handcrafted, old-fashioned 34 of neon,"says Blance. The
signs do nothing more than 35 a restaurant, theater, or other business, butd
o so in the most striking way possible.
A) alternative B) approach C) cast D) challenging E) decorative F) effici
ent G)electrified H) identify I) photographed J) professionals K) quality L) r
eplaced M) stimulateN) symbolizes O) volunteers
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statemen
ts attached toit. Each statement contains information given in one of the par
agraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You ma
y choose a paragraph more thanonce. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.
Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
New Jersey School District Eases Pressure on Students—Baring an Ethnic Divi
de
A) This fall, David Aderhold, the chief of a high-achieving school district near
Princeton, NewJersey, sent parents an alarming 16-page letter. The school di
strict, he said, was facing acrisis. Its students were overburdened and stress
ed out, having to cope with too much workand too many demands. In the pre
vious school year,
120 middle and high school studentswere recommended for mental health as
sessments and 40 were hospitalized. And on asurvey administered by the di
strict, students wrote things like,
"I hate going to school," and"Coming out of 12 years in this district, I have l
earned one thing: that a grade, a percentageor even a point is to be valued o
ver anything else."
B) With his letter, Aderhold inserted West Windsor-Plainsboro Regional School
District into anational discussion about the intense focus on achievement a
t elite schools, and whether ithas gone too far. At follow-up meetings, he urg
ed parents to join him in advocating a "wholechild" approach to schooling th
at respects "social-emotional development" and "deep andmeaningful learni
ng" over academics alone. The alternative, he suggested, was to face thepro
spect of becoming another Palo Alto, California, where outsize stress on teen
age studentsis believed to have contributed to a number of suicides in the last
six years.
C) But instead of bringing families together, Aderhold's letter revealed a divid
e in thedistrict, which has 9,700 students, and one that broke down roughly
along racial lines. Onone side are white parents like Catherine Foley, a former
president of the Parent-Teacher-Student Association at her daughter's middle
school, who has come to see the district'sincreasingly pressured atmosphere
as opposed to learning.
"My son was in fourth grade andtold me, 'I'm not going to amount to anythin
g because I have nothing to put on myresume,'" she said. On the other side
are parents like Mike Jia, one of the thousands ofAsian-American professional
s who have moved to the district in the past decade, who saidAderhold's ref
orms would amount to a "dumbing down" of his children's education.
"What ishappening here reflects a national anti-intellectual trend that will n
ot prepare our childrenfor the future," Jia said.
D) About 10 minutes from Princeton and an hour and a half from New York C
ity, WestWindsor and Plainsboro have become popular bedroom communities
for technologyentrepreneurs, researchers and engineers, drawn in large part
by the public schools. Fromthe last three graduating classes,
16 seniors were admitted to MIT. It produces ScienceOlympiad winners, classi
cally trained musicians and students with perfect SAT scores.
E) The district has become increasingly popular with immigrant families fro
m China, Indiaand Korea. This year,
65 percent of its students are Asian-American, compared with 44percent in 2
007. Many of them are the first in their families born in the United States. The
yhave had a growing influence on the district. Asian-American parents are e
nthusiasticsupporters of the competitive instrumental music program. Th
ey have been hugesupporters of the district's advanced mathematics progra
m, which once began in the fourthgrade but will now start in the sixth. The ch
ange to the program, in which 90 percent of theparticipating students are Asi
an-American, is one of Aderhold's reforms.
F) Asian-American students have been eager participants in a state program t
hat permitsthem to take summer classes off campus for high school credit, al
lowing them to maximizethe number of honors and Advanced Placement clas
ses they can take, another practice thatAderhold is limiting this school year.
With many Asian-American children attendingsupplementary instructional pr
ograms, there is a perception among some white familiesthat the elementa
ry school curriculum is being sped up to accommodate them.
G) Both Asian-American and white families say the tension between the two
groups hasgrown steadily over the past few years, as the number of Asian fa
milies has risen. But thedivision has become more obvious in recent months
as Aderhold has made changes,including no-homework nights, an end to high
school midterms and finals, and an initiativethat made it easier to particip
ate in the music program.
H) Jennifer Lee, professor of sociology at the University of California, Irvine, a
nd an author ofthe Asian American Achievement Paradox, says misundersta
nding between first-generationAsian-American parents and those who have b
een in this country longer are common. Whatwhite middle-class parents do no
t always understand, she said, is how much pressurerecent immigrants feel
to boost their children into the middle class.
"They don't have thesame chances to get their children internships (实习职
位) or jobs at law firms," Lee said.
"Sowhat they believe is that their children must excel and beat their white p
eers in academicsettings so they have the same chances to excel later. "
I) The issue of the stresses felt by students in elite school districts has gaine
d attention inrecent years as schools in places like Newton, Massachusetts, an
d Palo Alto have reported anumber of suicides. West Windsor-Plainsboro has
not had a teenage suicide in recent years,but Aderhold, who has worked in th
e district for seven years and been chief for the last threeyears, said he had
seen troubling signs. In a recent art assignments, a middle school studentdep
icted (描
绘) an overburdened child who was being scolded for earning an A, rather tha
n anA+ , on a math exam. In the image, the mother scolds the student with t
he words,
"Shameon you!" Further, he said, the New Jersey Education Department has f
lagged at least twopieces of writing on state English language assessments in
which students expressed suicidalthoughts.
J) The survey commissioned by the district found that 68 percent of high sc
hool honor andAdvanced Placement students reported feeling stressed about
school "always or most of thetime."
"We need to bring back some balance," Aderhold said.
"You don't want to wait until it'stoo late to do something. "
K) Not all public opinion has fallen along racial lines. Karen Sue, the ChineseAmericanmother
of a fifth-grader and an eighth-grader, believes the competi
tion within the districthas gotten out of control. Sue, who was born in the U
nited States to immigrant parents,wants her peers to dial it back.
"It's become an arms race, an educational arms race," shesaid.
"We all want our kids to achieve and be successful. The question is, at what
cost?"
36. Aderhold is limiting the extra classes that students are allowed to take off
campus.
37. White and Asian-American parents responded differently to Aderhold's ap
peal.
38. Suicidal thoughts have appeared in some students' writings.
39. Aderhold's reform of the advanced mathematics program will affect Asi
an-Americanstudents most.
40. Aderhold appealed for parents' support in promoting an all-round develop
ment ofchildren, instead of focusing only on their academic performance.
41. One Chinese-American parent thinks the competition in the district has
gone too far.
42. Immigrant parents believe that academic excellence will allow their chil
dren equalchances to succeed in the future.
43. Many businessmen and professionals have moved to West Windsor and Pl
ainsborobecause of the public schools there.
44. A number of students in Aderhold's school district were found to have st
ress-inducedmental health problems.
45. The tension between Asian-American and white families has increased in
recent years.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by s
ome questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four cho
ices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark
the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the cen
tre.
Passage One
Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.
For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand
a concept is toexplain it to someone else.
"While we teach, we learn," said Roman philosopher Seneca. Nowscientists ar
e bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They're documenting why teaching
issuch a fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young peo
ple to engage ininstruction.
Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work hard
er tounderstand the material, recall it more accurately and apply it more ef
fectively. Studentteachers score higher on tests than pupils who're learning
only for their own sake. But howcan children, still learning themselves, teach
others? One answer: They can tutor youngerkids. Some studies have found t
hat first-born children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄
弟姐
妹). This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spendteaching th
eir siblings. Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model t
oacademic subjects. They engage college undergraduates to teach compute
r science to highschool students, who in turn instruct middle school students
on the topic.
But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"—
a computerizedcharacter who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks question
s just like a real-world pupil.Computer scientists have created an animated (
动画
的) figure called Betty's Brain, who hasbeen "taught" about environmental sci
ence by hundreds of middle school students. Studentteachers are motivated
to help Betty master certain materials. While preparing to teach,they organi
ze their knowledge and improve their own understanding. And as they explai
nthe information to it, they identify problems in their own thinking.
Feedback from the teachable agents further enhances the tutors' learning. Th
e agents'questions compel student tutors to think and explain the materials i
n different ways, andwatching the agent solve problems allows them to see t
heir knowledge put into action.
Above all, it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learni
ng. Studenttutors feel upset when their teachable agents fail, but happy whe
n these virtual pupilssucceed as they derive pride and satisfaction from so
meone else's accomplishment.
46. What are researchers rediscovering through their studies?
A) Seneca's thinking is still applicable today.
B) Better learners will become better teachers.
C) Human intelligence tends to grow with age.
D) Philosophical thinking improves instruction.
47. What do we learn about Betty's Brain?
A) It is a character in a popular animation.
B) It is a teaching tool under development.
C) It is a cutting-edge app in digital games.
D) It is a tutor for computer science students.
48. How does teaching others benefit student tutors?
A) It makes them aware of what they are strong at.
B) It motivates them to try novel ways of teaching.
C) It helps them learn their academic subjects better.
D) It enables them to better understand their teachers.
49. What do students do to teach their teachable agents?
A) They motivate them to think independently.
B) They ask them to design their own questions.
C) They encourage them to give prompt feedback.
D) They use various ways to explain the materials.
50. What is the key factor that eases student tutors' learning?
A) Their sense of responsibility.
B) Their emotional involvement.
C) The learning strategy acquired.
D) The teaching experience gained.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
A new batch of young women—members of the so-called Millennial (千禧
的) generation—hasbeen entering the workforce for the past decade. At the s
tarting line of their careers, theyare better educated than their mothers and g
randmothers had been—or than their youngmale counterparts are now. But w
hen they look ahead, they see roadblocks to their success.They believe that w
omen are paid less than men for doing the same job. They think it'seasier for
men to get top executive jobs than it is for them. And they assume that if a
ndwhen they have children, it will be even harder for them to advance in their
careers.
While the public sees greater workplace equality between men and women no
w than it did20-30 years ago, most believe more change is needed. Among Mi
llennial women,
75% saythis country needs to continue making changes to achieve gender e
quality in the workplace,compared with 57% of Millennial men. Even so, relati
vely few young women (15%) say theyhave been discriminated against at wo
rk because of their gender.
As Millennial women come of age they share many of the same views and val
ues about workas their male counterparts. They want jobs that provide secur
ity and flexibility, and theyplace relatively little importance on high pay. At t
he same time, however, young workingwomen are less likely than men to aim
at top management jobs:
34% say they're notinterested in becoming a boss or top manager; only 24%
of young men say the same. Thegender gap on this question is even wider a
mong working adults in their 30s and 40s, whenmany women face the tradeoffs
that go with work and motherhood.
These findings are based on a new Pew Research Center survey of 2,002 adu
lts, including810 Millennials (ages 18-32), conducted Oct. 7-27,
2013. The survey finds that, in spite ofthe dramatic gains women have ma
de in educational attainment and labor forceparticipation in recent decades,
young women view this as a man's world—just as middle-aged and older wo
men do.
51. What do we learn from the first paragraph about Millennial women startin
g their careers?
A) They can get ahead only by striving harder.
B) They expect to succeed just like Millennial men.
C) They are generally quite optimistic about their future.
D) They are better educated than their male counterparts.
52. How do most Millennial women feel about their treatment in the workplac
e?
A) They are the target of discrimination.
B) They find it satisfactory on the whole.
C) They think it needs further improving.
D) They find their complaints ignored.
53. What do Millennial women value most when coming of age?
A) A sense of accomplishment.
B) Job stability and flexibility.
C) Rewards and promotions.
D) Joy derived from work.
54. What are women in their 30s and 40s concerned about?
A) The welfare of their children.
B) The narrowing of the gender gap.
C) The fulfillment of their dreams in life.
D) The balance between work and family.
55. What conclusion can be drawn about Millennial women from the 2013 su
rvey?
A) They still view this world as one dominated by males.
B) They account for half the workforce in the job market.
C) They see the world differently from older generations.
D) They do better in work than their male counterparts.
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage fr
om Chineseinto English. You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2.
近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁。发展地铁有助于减少城市的交通拥堵和空气
污染。 地铁具有安全、快捷和舒适的优点。越来越多的人选择地铁作为每天上班或上学的
主要交通工具。如今，在中国乘坐地铁正变得越来越方便。在有些城市里，乘客只需用卡或
手机就可以乘坐地铁。许多当地老年市民还可以免费乘坐地铁。
2018 年 6 月四级部分真题参考答案(完整版)
Part Ⅰ Writing
The Importance of Speaking Ability and Howto Develop It
As we all know, proficiency in speaking is necessary for us to become well-r
oundedcommunicators. However, the capacity to put words together in a me
aningful way to reflectthoughts, opinions, and feelings is not something we'r
e born with but needs some techniquesand practice.
Firstly, build confidence and concentrate on getting our message across, w
hich help usgain the attention of the audience return. Secondly, experiment w
ith the things we know wellinstead of challenging ourselves with difficult wor
ds since fluency appears more importantduring oral communication. Lastly,
create some opportunities to practice like narrating ourdaily life to ourselves o
r maintaining a regular chat with friends.
To sum up, only by being confident enough and using efficient methods can
we enhanceour speaking ability. Follow the steps to improve our speaking s
kills in order to achieve ahigher standard in communication.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
说明：由于 2018 年 6 月四级考试全国共考了两套听力, 本套真题听力与前两套内容相同,
只是选项顺序不同, 因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part III Reading Comprehension
26-35: CLFJE GIBKH
36-45: FCIEB KHDAG
46-55: ABCDB DCBDA
Part IV Translation
In recent years, more and more cities in China have begun to build subways.
Thedevelopment of subways can help reduce traffic congestion and air polluti
on in cities. Thesubway has the advantages of safety, speed and comfort. M
ore and more people choose thesubway as the main means of transportatio
n to work or school every day. Nowadays, it isbecoming more and more conv
enient to take the subway in China. In some cities,passengers can use a card
or a mobile phone to take the subway. Many local elderly citizenscan also tak
e the subway for free.