国际奥委会前主席萨马兰奇生平介绍

Juan Antonio Samaranch Torello, Marquess of Samaranch (born 17 July 1920 – 21 April 2010) was a Spanish sports official who served as the 7th President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) from 1980 to 2001.

Samaranch, born into a wealthy family in Barcelona, studied commerce at IESE Business School in Barcelona. He had been the chef de mission of the Spanish team at a number of Olympic events, before he was appointed Government Secretary for Sports by Spanish Head of State Francisco Franco in 1967, also becoming the president of the Spanish National Olympic Committee and a member of the IOC. Samaranch was a prominent figure in the last years of Franco's regime. He was vice-president of the IOC from 1974 and 1978, and he was appointed Spanish ambassador to the Soviet Union and Mongolia from 1977 to 1980. In 1991, because of his efforts in support of the Olympic movement, he was given a title of Marques (Marquess) de Samaranch by the King of Spain.

Samaranch was elected President of the IOC at the 83rd IOC Session in Moscow, that was held prior to the 1980 Summer Olympics - between 15 July and 18 July 1980.

During his term, Samaranch managed to make the Olympic movement financially healthy, with big television deals and sponsorships. Although the 1984 Summer Olympics were still boycotted by the Eastern bloc, the number of nations with a membership of the IOC and participating increased at every Games during Samaranch's presidency. Samaranch also wanted the best athletes to compete in the Olympics, which led to the gradual acceptance of professional athletes.

One achievement of Samaranch has undoubtedly[citation needed] been the financial rescue of the IOC, which was in financial crisis in the 1970s. The games themselves were such a burden on host cities that it appeared that no host would be found for future Olympiads. Under Samaranch, the IOC revamped its sponsorship arrangements (choosing to go with global sponsors rather than allowing each national federation to take local ones), and new broadcasting deals which brought in much money.

It became a tradition for Samaranch, when giving the President's address at the close of each Summer Olympics, to praise the organisers at each Olympiad for putting on "the best ever" Games. He withheld this phrase only once, at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta where the organisation had come under heavy criticism.

萨马兰奇出身于西班牙巴塞罗那一个经营纺织业的富裕家庭，毕业于德语学院和巴塞罗那高级商业研究院，精通西班牙语、法语、英语、俄语及德语。他父亲给他所灌输的对体育的热情给他带来一系列的影响，引导他在体育组织方面承担起责任。他曾热衷足球、拳击，特别是轮滑和冰球运动，也正式成为一名冰球运动员。退役后任西班牙国家冰球队教练，1951年起任西班牙冰球联合会会长。在工作中他给人留下了深刻印象，担任国家滑冰和轮滑冰球协会主席期间带队参加了世界锦标赛。年轻时组织过旱冰球队，后创立旱冰球协会并任主席。曾任大学经济学教授、银行董事、巴塞罗那议长等职，参与组织“卡塔卢尼亚团结党”；亦曾于1977年被委任为西班牙驻苏联大使，1991年被西班牙国王授予侯爵爵位。

1954年起任西班牙奥林匹克委员会委员。
1966年，萨马兰奇获选为国际奥委会委员，并从1974年起连续担任了礼宾官、执委、副主席、主席。就这样，萨马兰奇“从内部”了解了国际奥委会所有级别的体育机构。
1967年——1970年任西班牙奥委会主席。
1974年——1978年担任国际奥委会副主席。

1980年在苏联莫斯科举行的国际奥委会第83次全会上获选为国际奥委会主席，接替爱尔兰的迈克尔·莫里斯·基拉宁勋爵，一直在任至2001年7月退休。退休后担任国际奥委会终身名誉主席，及瑞士洛桑奥林匹克博物馆主席职务。

萨马兰奇退休前的最大心愿，是希望奥运会能在中国举行。2001年7月，北京成功取得2008 年夏季奥林匹克运动会的主办权，为他完成心愿。

2001年7月16日在莫斯科举行的国际奥委会第112次全会上正式退休，随即被授予奥林匹克金质勋章，并接受“国际奥林匹克委员会终身荣誉主席”称号。在此次全会开幕式上，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京授予萨马兰奇“荣誉勋章”。

萨马兰奇是一名公开的主业会会员。他也是IESE Business School的著名毕业生。

年轻时他风流倜傥，佳丽环绕；22岁步入商界不久，他就成为巴塞罗那一家著名纺织企业的总经理；他是一个银行家，是世界许多知名企业董事会的成员；他曾是西班牙举足轻重的政治风云人物，担任过巴塞罗那市议会议长、西班牙体委主任和西班牙驻苏大使等重要职务；在他担任主席期间。国际奥委会成为全球成员最多的国际组织，奥运会也走出低谷，火暴兴盛，奥运赛场更是变得异彩纷呈；更主要的是，他是一个不折不扣的改革家，体育商业化、奥运职业化等都是他的首创……

萨马兰奇在国际奥委会主席的位置上已经坐了17个年头，其间经历了难以数计的曲折和磨难，但他始终是国际体坛一面不倒的旗帜，没有人能够替代他的位置。如今萨马兰奇已年届古稀，但他在国际奥委会的地位仍然稳如磐石。1997年3月5日，萨马兰奇欣然接受国际奥委会执委会的请求，再次连任一届国际奥委会主席。为此，国际奥委会也再次修改主席退休年龄，由75岁提高到80岁……