研究:人性"阴暗面" 成就领导才能

　　The study found, for example, that being overly skeptical was uniformly bad for performance and development. But having a very cautious or hesitant nature was associated with both increased performance and developing leadership skills over time.

　　研究发现，例如，过度疑心同样会有害于个人发挥和发展。但是长时间而言，谨慎小心以及三思而后行的品质有利于个人发挥和领导能力的发展。

　　The study used the Hogan Development Survey, a personality test designed to pick up on negative traits.

　　研究使用的是霍根发展调查方法、一种性格测试进行了解这些负面品质。

　　Several of the 12 "dark side" traits - such as those associated with narcissism, being overly dramatic, being critical of others and being extremely focused on complying with rules - actually improved the leadership abilities of the recruits.

　　12个“阴暗面”品质中的一些特征实际上能够提高招聘员工者的领导能力，如自恋情结、情绪过度戏剧化、对他们极端苛刻以及过度遵守规则。

　　"By themselves, these subclinical traits had fairly small effects, but when aggregated, they played a substantial role in determining which cadets developed leadership skills," Prof Harms said. "Assumptions about how these traits affected performance and development were mistaken.Iit appears that even negative characteristics can be adaptive in particular settings or job roles."

　　哈姆斯教授说：“这些临床（阴暗面）品质本身影响力极小，但是一旦聚集在一起，它们对西点军校军官领导能力发展起到至关重要的作用。 过去人们一直误解这些阴暗面品质对人们的领导发挥和个人发展方面的重要影响 …… （但是，）研究看起来就算是负面品质也能适应一些特定环境中或工作角色。”