地球上最冷的地方：零下71℃的俄罗斯村庄奥伊米亚康

If you thought it was cold where you are at the moment then a visit to the Russian village of Oymyakon might just change your mind.
如果你觉得现在待的地方很冷，去俄罗斯村庄奥伊米亚康看一看，也许你就会改变想法。

With the average temperature for January standing at -50C, it is no wonder the village is the coldest permanently inhabited settlement in the world. Known as the 'Pole of Cold', the coldest ever temperature recorded in Oymyakon was -71.2C.
这个村庄一月的平均气温是零下50℃，不愧是世界上有人类永久居住的最冷的地方。奥伊米亚康也被称作“寒极”，有史以来的最低温度是零下71.2℃。

This is the lowest recorded temperature for any permanently inhabited location on Earth and the lowest temperature recorded in the Northern Hemisphere.
这是地球上有人类永久居住的地区的最低温度记录，也是北半球历史上的最低温度。

The village, which is home to around 500 people, was, in the 1920s and 1930s, a stopover for reindeer herders who would water their flocks from the thermal spring.
这个村庄里共有500人左右居住。在20世纪20年代和30年代，驯鹿的放牧人会在这里中途停留，让鹿群在这里的温泉喝水。

Ironically, Oymyakon actually means 'non-freezing water' due to a nearby hot spring. Most homes in Oymyakon still burn coal and wood for heat and enjoy few modern conveniences.
与想象中正相反，“奥伊米亚康”实际上是“不冻之水”的意思，这个名字取自附近的温泉。在奥伊米亚康，大多数家庭仍然烧煤取暖，所能享受的现代化的便利设施也不多。

Nothing grows there so people eat reindeer meat and horsemeat. A single shop provides the town's bare necessities and the locals work as reindeer-breeders, hunters and ice-fisherman.
那里没有作物生长，人们以驯鹿肉和马肉为食。只有一家商店给村庄里的人们供应必需品，刚刚够得上人们生活，当地人以喂养驯鹿、打猎、破冰打渔为生。

Doctors say the reason the locals don't suffer from malnutrition is that their animals' milk contains a lot of micronutrients.
医生说，当地人中之所以没有营养不良的现象是因为他们蓄养的动物的奶中含有很多微量元素。

Unsurprisingly, locals are hardened to the weather and unlike in other countries - where a flurry of snow brings things grinding to a halt, Oymyakon's solitary school only shuts if temperatures fall below -52C.
当地人抵抗严寒的能力比起其他国家的人来说要强得多，这当然丝毫不让人惊讶。在其他地方，一阵大雪就能让所有活动终止，但是奥伊米亚康唯一的这所学校只有在温度降到-52℃时才停课。

The village is located around 750 metres above sea level and the length of a day varies from 3 hours in December to 21 hours in the summer. And despite its terrible winters, in June, July and August temperatures over 30c are not uncommon.
这个村庄的海拔高度是750米，日照时间变化极大，最短的时候在12月，只有3小时，而夏天则可以达到21小时。虽然这里的冬天冷得一塌糊涂，不过在六七八月，温度超过30℃也一点都不稀奇。

There are few modern conveniences in the village - with many buildings still having outdoor toilets - and most people still burn coal and wood for heat. When coal deliveries are irregular the power station starts burning wood. If the power ceases, the town shuts down in about five hours, and the pipes freeze and crack.
村子里没有什么现代化的设施，很多建筑物只有在外面才有厕所，大多数人也都还靠烧煤取暖。当煤炭不能正常送到家里时，电站就会开始烧木柴取暖。如果停电的话，小镇就会封闭5个多小时，水管也会开始结冰开裂

Oymyakon lies a two day drive from the city of Yakutsk, the regional capital, which has the coldest winter temperatures for any city in the world. It is served by two airports and is home to a university, schools, theatres and museums.
从奥伊米亚康到当地的地区首府雅库茨克开车需要两天的时间，雅库茨克是世界上气温最低的城市。雅库茨克有两座机场、一所大学、若干学校、剧院和博物馆。

Daily problems that come with living in Oymyakon include pen ink freezing, glasses freezing to people's faces and batteries losing power. Locals are said to leave their cars running all day for fear of not being able to restart them.
生活在奥伊米亚康会面临很多日常问题，如墨水结冰、玻璃冻在脸上、电池失去电力等。据说当地人从来不熄灭汽车引擎，生怕一旦熄灭就再也没有办法重新启动了。

Even if there was coverage for mobile phone reception the phones themselves would not work in such cold conditions.
就算这里能够收到手机信号，手机也无法在这样的严寒下正常使用。

Another problem caused by the frozen temperatures is burying dead bodies, which can take anything up to three days. The earth must first have thawed sufficiently in order to dig it, so a bonfire is lit for a couple of hours. Hot coals are then pushed to the side and a hole couple of inches deep is dug. The process is repeated for several days until the hole is deep enough to bury the coffin.
严寒带来的另外一个问题是尸体的掩埋，须要花去三天之久。首先，必须点上几个小时的篝火，将土壤解冻到能够挖掘的松软程度。人们会把炙热的煤炭放在一边，挖几英尺深的洞。这一过程要一直重复好几天，直到洞大到能够容纳棺材为止。

Travel companies offer tourists the opportunity to visit the village and sample life in the freezing conditions.
旅客可以通过旅行公司来这里体验这个村庄简朴的生活和极度寒冷的天气。