职场生活: 你胖没关系, 有老板为你买单

Mohawk Industries, a Calhoun, Ga.-based flooring company, says participation in its company's health-risk assessment process shot up to 97% after the company imposed a $100 monthly penalty on nonparticipants. The company had previously offered rewards for participating in the assessment, but enrollment rates were low, says Phil Brown, senior vice president of human resources.

总部设在佐治亚州卡尔霍恩(Calhoun)的地面材料生产商莫霍克工业公司(Mohawk Industries)说，公司对不参加健康风险评估程序的员工硬性实施每月100美元的罚金之后，参加者的人数飙升至97%。该公司负责人力资源的高级副总裁菲尔•布朗(Phil Brown)说，公司以前对参加评估的人提供奖励，但是报名率很低。

Honeywell International Inc. recently introduced a $1, 000 penalty─deducted from health-savings accounts─for workers who elect to get certain procedures such as knee and hip replacement and back surgery without seeking more input. The company had offered $500 for participating in a program that provides access to data and additional opinions for workers considering surgery, but less than 20% of the staff joined up. Since it flipped the incentive to a penalty, the company says, enrollment has been above 90%.

霍尼韦尔国际公司(Honeywell International Inc.)最近出台了对未寻求更多健康投入就选择接受膝关节和髋关节更换以及背部手术等疗法的员工处以1,000美元罚金的政策──从医保储蓄账户中扣除。该公司过去曾为员工提供500美元的资金，让考虑做手术的员工参加一个可以提供相关资料和其他意见的项目，但是不到20%的员工参加了那个项目。自从公司将鼓励的政策变成处罚之后，该公司称，报名该项目的人数超过了90%。

There are no new data on surgeries, but the change is projected to save at least $3 million annually, says Brian Marcotte, Honeywell's vice president of compensation and benefits, who presented the plan at the Conference Board's Employee Health Care Conference last month.

霍尼韦尔公司负责薪资与福利的副总裁布赖恩•马科特(Brian Marcotte)说，目前还没有关于手术的新数据，但是政策的改变预计每年可以节省至少300万美元的资金。他上个月在世界大企业联合会(Conference Board)的员工医疗保健会议(Employee Health Care Conference)上提出了这个方案。

Typically, 20% of a company's workforce drives 80% of health-care costs, according to Cigna's Mr. Smith, and roughly 70% of health-care costs are related to chronic conditions brought on by lifestyle choices, such as overeating or sedentary behavior. But when employers target those conditions, employees themselves may feel targeted, especially when it comes to their weight. While companies can't say it outright, many of their measures─such as high cholesterol and high blood pressure─are proxies for obesity.

信诺保险集团的史密斯称，一家企业里往往是20%的员工动用了80%的医疗费用，而大约70%的医疗费用都跟生活方式所引起的慢性疾病有关，比如过量饮食或久坐行为。但是当雇主针对这些情况采取措施时，员工可能感觉到自己成为了被针对的对象，尤其是涉及到他们的体重时。虽然公司不能明示，但是它们的很多衡量尺度──比如高胆固醇和高血压──在肥胖者中都是非常普遍的。

A 2011 Gallup survey estimated obese or overweight full-time U.S. workers miss an additional 450 million days of work each year, compared with healthy workers, resulting in more than $153 billion in lost productivity.

2011年的一项盖洛普(Gallup)调查估计，与健康的职工相比，美国肥胖或体重过重的全职职工每年额外误工的天数达到了4.5亿个工作日，造成的生产力损失超过了1,530亿美元。