清华：不会游泳不能毕业 名校的游泳情结为啥那么深

不会游泳就无法从清华大学毕业？日前，清华大学对外证实，从2017级开始，该校学生必须通过游泳测试，否则不能获得毕业证书，一些特殊情况除外。对于这样的要求，元芳，你怎么看？事实上，这个要求并非清华首创，“新”校规也算不上新鲜，此前国内外多所知名高校早已强制要求学生学会游泳技能。下面小编就来扒一扒名校的游泳情结为什么这么深。

清华：不会游泳不能毕业

Students aiming to enter Tsinghua University this year had better be able to swim or be prepared to learn swimming and pass a swim test since the prestigious university will not grant bachelor's degrees if they cannot swim.
今年打算考取清华大学的学生最好要会游泳，或准备好学习游泳并通过考试，因为这所名校将拒绝向不会游泳的学生授予学士学位。

This September, would-be freshmen at Tsinghua University will have to take swimming courses if they fail a swimming test at the beginning of their university life, and they won't receive their degrees if they cannot swim before their graduation, in accordance with a message at a university staff meeting days ago, the Beijing Daily reported on Monday.
据《北京日报》27日报道，根据清华大学职工大会上的消息，今年9月份入学的新生如果在开学时没有通过游泳测试，那么将要参加游泳课。如果学生在毕业之前仍不会游泳将无法获得学位。

Potential freshmen with chronic diseases, skin disease or hydrophobia, once examined and affirmed by medical staff, don't need to take the required test or course.
患有慢性病、皮肤病或恐水症的新生，一经医务人员检查确认，即可不必参加游泳测试或游泳课程。

Plans are for freshmen to take the test during their military training. In the test, students will pass the test if they can swim 50 meters, no matter whether they choose the breaststroke, butterfly stroke, freestyle or backstroke. Those failing the test have to take a compulsory swimming course.
学校的计划是让新生在军训期间参加游泳测试。如果学生能游出50米便可通过测试， 蛙泳，蝶泳，自由泳或仰泳中的任意泳姿均可。考试不合格的学生必须参加游泳必修课。

奇葩新校规引发热议

此消息一出，不少网友感到不可思议，戏称“清华学生是要组团参加奥运会吗”。

因为年龄越小学习游泳越容易，有网友提出质疑，为什么不在小学就安排这样的必修课：

“历史菌博主”调侃道，干脆规定没有女朋友的也不许毕业算了：

也有人对新校规表示认同，但是被这样怼了回去：

除了看热闹的围观群众，许多打算考清华大学的学生对此表示担忧。

"Now Tsinghua University will test students in long-distance running and swimming, so students with poor sports performance will have to overcome a lot of difficulties once they enter the university," said a student surnamed Zhang from the Second High School Attached To Beijing Normal University.
北京师范大学第二附属中学的张姓同学说：“如今，清华大学将对学生进行长跑和游泳测试，这样体育成绩较差的学生一旦进入清华将要克服很多困难。”

However, students don't need to worry much, since Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, said relevant statistics showed that 90 percent of students can swim after taking the compulsory swimming course in their second year of university, and the remaining 10 percent will receive instruction after class provided by teachers, without paying extra tuition.
不过，清华大学体育科学与教学部主任刘波表示，学生们无需太过担心，相关数据显示，90%的学生在二年级参加过游泳必修课后学会了游泳，而老师们会对余下10%的学生进行课后指导，且不收取额外费用。

国内外多所名校要求学生会游泳 清华并非独一家

有趣的是，小编在微博上发现，很多网友称，自己的大学早就有这样的规定，已经是见怪不怪了。

而美国著名在线知识问答网站Quora上也有一个提问：“Which colleges make you pass a swim test to graduate（哪所大学强制毕业生通过游泳测试）?”

Mark Kantrowitz今年1月份回答称，多年以前，美国的多数大学都要求学生通过游泳测试，但是现在很多学校已经取消了这项要求。他还总结了现在仍保留这一规定的大学：

其他Quora用户也给出了差不多的答案:

还有用户称，虽然哥伦比亚大学也有游泳测试，但是工程学院不用参加，传闻称，一旦爆发洪水，他们会建造一艘船因此不需要游泳。

始于一战 揭秘名校的游泳情结

事实上，上世纪初，美国大学就要求毕业生必须掌握基本的游泳技能。这是因为在第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战中，高校成了美国的军事训练营地，为了提高水中安全，游泳就渐渐成为学生们的必修课。

但在战后和平年代，大部分大学逐渐取消了这项要求。取消的原因之一是该规定对那些“旱鸭子”存在歧视。

到1977年，有42%的美国学校对学生有各种不同类型的游泳要求。到1997年仍坚持游泳测试的学校仅剩14%。其中包括麻省理工、哥大等名校。

And viewing the ability to swim as a must for students to earn their degrees is not something new in Tsinghua University, as this ability was listed on its school regulations in the early 20th century.
而将游泳能力视为学生获得学位的必要条件在清华也不是什么新鲜事。在上世纪初期，这项能力就被列入校规中。

"As early as 90 years ago, Tsinghua University required that students cannot graduate from the university or study overseas if they cannot swim, though the requirement didn't work later on since the swimming pools at the campus could not accommodate increasingly more students," said Liu.
刘波称，“早在90年前，学校就提出不会游泳不能毕业、留学的要求，不过，由于当时学校的游泳池无法容纳越来越多的学生，这项规定后来并没有再执行。”

Many alumni of the prestigious university had to meet the swimming challenge. Renowned writer Liang Shih-chiu, entering Tsinghua University in 1915, failed the swimming test before his graduation, and he had to do his best at the make-up examination. Luckily his second endeavor got a pass from the head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education.
许多清华校友都曾被迫挑战游泳。著名作家梁实秋1915年进入清华大学，他在毕业前没有通过游泳测试，因而不得不在补考中拼尽全力。好在体育科学与教学部的主任让他的补考过关了。

As to why the university is linking swimming ability with degrees, "as a requisite survival skill, swimming is beneficial for students in the long run, since swimming is helpful in improving students' endurance and doing less harm to joints and muscles as a water sport," said Liu.
至于清华大学为什么要将游泳技能和学位挂钩，刘波解释道，“游泳是一项必要的生存技能，有助于提高学生的耐力，作为一种水上运动，其对关节和肌肉损害较小，从长远来看对学生有益。”