BBC news 2009-08-01 加文本

1.The American President Barack Obama says the latest economic statistics are an important sign the United States is heading in the right direction.

参考翻译：美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马称，最新的经济统计数据是美国向正确方向前进的重要信号。

结构分析：statistics are an important sign虽然系动词后是单数an important sign，但是谓语动词必须和主语保持人称和数的一致，而前面的是复数statistics，所以系动词也应该用复数are.

the United States is heading in the right direction省略了that,同位语从句，指代的是sign。

2. It will allow government regulators to limit executive pay deals which, in their view, encourage inappropriate risk and give shareholders a bigger advisory role in pay packages.

参考翻译：这部法律将允许政府调控机构限制高管薪资，让股东在薪资体系中发挥更大的咨询作用。按照他们的观点，过度支付薪资和奖金将导致不适当的风险。

结构分析：这句话的主干是It will allow government regulators to limit and give。give在这里和limit是并列的成分，而不是和encourage并列。in their view是插入语，去掉后不影响句子本身的完整性。which encourage inappropriate risk是定语从句，修饰pay deals。

3.The United Nation’s Food Agencies says it’s facing critical funding shortages that have forced it to slash food deliveries to millions of people facing starvation. 

参考翻译：联合国粮食署称其面临严重的资金短缺，被迫削减向数百万面临饥饿的难民的粮食输送。

结构分析：这句话的主语和谓语是The United Nation’s Food Agencies says，后面是宾语从句。that have forced it to slash是定语从句，修饰的是shortages。facing starvation是现在分词短语做后置定语，修饰people。force sb to do sth强迫某人做某事。

4.It's also not clear why it wasn't detected in security checks.

参考翻译：至于为什么在安检时没有被检查到也不得而知。

结构分析：这句话中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面why引导的从句。