BBC news 2010-05-09 加文本

1.President Sarkozy of France and the Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi have canceled visits to Moscow on Sunday to work instead on plans to stop the Greek debt crisis spreading to other countries using the European single currency.

这句话的主干是前半部分，谓语部分是canceled visits to Moscow。to stop是动词不定式做后置定语，修饰plans。using the European single currency是现在分词作后置定语，修饰other countries。

2.Mr Sarkozy said the single currency was an essential element of Europe and financial speculators must not be allowed to undo it.

must表示“必须”、“一定要”

(1) 可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句；用于否定句时，mustn't 的意思是“一定不要”、“不能”，而不是“不必”：You must finish it today. 你一定要在今天完成它。You must see the doctor. 你一定要看医生。Must you go so soon? 你一定得这么早就走吗?We mustn't think only of ourselves. 我们可不能只考虑自己。

(2) 主要表示现在或将来，但有时(如在间接引语中)也可表过去(=had to)：She asked if she must (had to) leave. 她问她是否一定要离开。

(3) 对于must 开头一般疑问句，若要作否定回答，可用needn't，不用mustn't："Must I come over tonight?" "No, you needn't." “我今晚必须过来吗?”“不必。”

(4) 其后可接被动结构或进行形式：Something must be done to stop it. 必须采取措施来阻止它。I think I must be going. I think I must be going. 我想我得走了。2. 表示推测。意为“准是”、“一定是”(1) 通常只用于肯定句，在否定句或疑问句用 can 代之：It must be true. 那一定是真的。It must be true. 比较：Can it be true?  那可能是真的吗? / It can't be true. 那不可能是真的。(2) 后接动词原形，表示对现在情况的推测： He must be wrong. 他一定错了。The man must have a lot of money. 这个人一定有不少钱。注：must 表示对现在情况的推测后接动词原形时，该动词通常为状态动词(如 be, have, know 等)，若为动作动词，通常要转换其它说法。“他一定会赢”，通常不说He must win，可说He is sure to win。(He must win的意思是“他必须要赢”) (3) 其后可接进行式或完成进行式，用以谈论一个正在进行的动作：He must be writing a letter to his girl friend. 他一定在给他女朋友写信。Someone must have been smoking here．一定有人一直在这里抽烟。(4) 后接不定式的完成式，用来谈论已发生的情况：He must have arrived already．他一定已经到了。I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我没有听到电话铃，我一定是睡着了。3. 表示“应当”。相当于should, ought to的意思You must say hello to her．你应当跟她打个招呼。We must go and have a weekend there．我们应当到那里度周末。4. 表示“偏偏”有时表示不巧，有时表示固执，通常都是指令人不快的事：Must you make so much noise? 你就非得弄出这么大的声音吗？Why must you always interrupt me? 你为什么硬是老要打断我？We were ready to leave, but the baby must catch cold.  我们刚准备好要走, 可孩子偏偏得了感冒。Just when I was busy, the neighbor must come and chatter. 正当我忙碌的时候，邻居偏偏过来聊天。正当我忙碌的时候，邻居偏偏过来聊天。