BBC在线收听下载:澳大利亚遭遇食品安全问题

It's hard to imagine that there are a lot of Australians worrying every day about where the next meal is going to come from. This year's Hunger Report has been released, showing one in six Australians experienced exactly that over the past year. The nation's largest food relief organization, Foodbank, says most welfare and community groups can't keep up with demand.Rachel Brown visited one of Foodbank's warehouses in Melbourne. So in front of us, what you can see there, all that comes from food drives or something from Coles or Safeway they've got enough or too much of. As volunteers at Foodbank's Yarraville warehouse in Melbourne's west are being given sorting instructions. Matt Prince walks me through the warehouse aisles heaving with food from corporate donations, manufacturers or produce not fit for export. There are perishables, frozen and chilled goods，fruit and vegetables. So we go to the Melbourne markets three times a week and source anything that they might have that's excess produce that they don't want to take back with them. And produce from a deal with big farming families. We are paying them a a reasonable price to actually give us the produce that would usually go into landfill or you plough back into the ground because they can't sell it to large supermarkets because of size, shape，blemishes，those kinds of things. So now we know at certain times of the year that we'll have carrots in the warehouse, we'll have pumpkins, we might have potatoes and tomatoes. Now agencies can kind of bank on that we'll have certain produce at certain times of year. This food is trucked out to welfare agencies and community groups to help feed more than 644,000 people nationally. Low-income families, pensioners a lot of children going hungry as well. I read the face of hunger is really changing. Yeah it definitely is. They're saying there's more Generation Ys gonna be affected by food insecurity now. but we've definitely seen over the last kind of 10 years a big change from that person that people traditionally thought was homeless person on the street to what it is now.

许多澳洲人对日常食物来源忧心忡忡，这实在让人难以想象。据今年发布的饥饿指数报告显示，去年有六分之一澳洲人有同感。据国内最大食物援助组织“食品库”表示，多数福利和团体组织供不应求。拉切尔·布朗参观了“食品库”在墨尔本的仓库。这些食品均来自食品救助组织，有些来自Coles或Safeway超市。作为“食品库”志愿者，他们将在墨尔本西部的Yarraville仓库接受分类培训。马特·普瑞斯带我参观了仓库过道，许多食品来自企业捐赠，厂商捐赠或不适宜出口的农产品。许多为易腐食品，冷冻食品，水果和蔬菜。每周我们会前往墨尔本市场三次，够买一些商家不愿带回的剩余农产品。这些农产品均来自大户农场。因形状大小，损坏等问题，许多产品无法销往大型超市，所以许多要重新耕种，许多要被废弃，我们会以合理价格进行回收。所以到了特定时节，仓库里就会有胡萝卜、南瓜、土豆和西红柿。所以到了每年的特定时节，许多机构就将希望寄托在我们身上。食物将运往当地社区和慈善组织，全国超64.4万居民将摆脱饥饿。低收入家庭、退休人员以及儿童正在饱受饥饿。目前的饥饿状况正在发生改变。确实是。现在越来越多“Y一代”人群正在受食品安全影响。但就在过去十年间，“露宿街头”一代已不再是当年的情景。

Foodbank's marketing manager Paula Bantock says Australia's food insecurity is now at crisis point. One in six have experienced the need to call on food relief at least once. What's also scary about this number is 28 percent are experiencing this on a regular basis. And the survey looked at what kind of implications that has emotionally，mentally，physically.The flow-on effects, yeah they're massive and they're never ending. So motivation, feeling outcast from society, feeling a loss of self-esteem, obviously health and wellbeing. And despite this massive operation that's going on around us at the moment,it's still not meeting demand. No unfortunately not. We've also found in the survey that nationally, a number of charities are having to turn away people. To give you an example, despite this factory pumping out the equivalent of more than 17 million meals for Victorians last year, relief agencies are still having to turn away nearly 7,000 hungry adults and children each month. We're about thirty percent behind on meeting the demand. What we ask for is our food donors and all the generous support from the manufacturing, farmers, primary producers, is that we increase donations and call on their support for that to try and meet that gap. Do we need to rethink the Australia deals with waste for example？What chefs or what supermarkets would consider waste？To be honest, in Australia, they've been very proactive in this area for the last 10, 20 years. Supermarkets are donating that food and there are other charities that collect that food; Frontline. And now the fact that food insecurity is on people's radar. There's even more reason why they're not actually wasting that food. From a perspective, it's a callout to the food industry. If they are running out of stock that is close to best before date, close to use by date we can absolutely use that product. Don't throw it away, we need it.

“食品库”市场经理宝拉·班特克认为，澳洲食品安全问题已迫在眉睫。六分之一居民曾至少一次要求食品救济。更令人感到不安的是，28%民众经常如此。而这些影响对人们的身心造成了伤害。这些连锁反应影响巨大，且永无止境。人们会感觉被社会抛弃，自尊心受到打击，身心受到伤害。尽管我们采取了大规模措施，但仍没有满足民众需求。确实没有。根据全国研究表明，许多民众遭到慈善组织拒绝。举例说明，去年为1700多万维多利亚州市民供给食物，但对于救济组织而言，每月有近7000名成人和儿童遭到回绝。供给不足比例约30%。我们呼吁食品救济人士、生产厂商、农民以及初级生产者，希望他们增加救济，从而满足供需平衡。我们是否要对废物处理方式进行重新设定？厨师或超市是否要重新考虑废物处理？在10-20年前，澳大利亚在废物处理方面始终非常积极。在捐赠方面，超市一直做得很好，许多慈善机构会将食物进行收集，如今，食品安全已成为人们的主要问题。我们要做的就是节约食物。这是对食品产业的一次提醒。如果食品临近保质期，这些食物是绝对可以食用的。不要浪费。我们需要这些食物。