饮料得趁热喝？北大医学部博士新研究可不这么认为

A new study yielded that smokers and drinkers are at a high risk of getting cancer from drinking hot tea.Reuters

一项新的研究发现，吸烟者和饮酒者因饮用热茶而患癌症的风险很高。(路透社)

Tea drinkers know that there are a lot of healthy benefits, but a new study shows that it might lead to cancer.The research yielded that people that drink alcohol and smoke are at higher risk of developing esophageal cancer.

喝茶的人知道有很多有益健康的好处，但是一项新的研究表明它可能会导致癌症。这项研究发现，饮酒和吸烟的人喝热饮患食道癌的风险更高。

Canqing Yu, PhD, of Peking University Health Science Center in Beijing, China, led the study that followed more than 450,000 people in China over 9 years with the results published in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

北大医学部的余博士领导了这项研究，该研究在9年多的时间里跟踪了中国超过45万研究对象，研究结果发表在《内科学年鉴》。

Our findings show a noticeable increase in esophageal cancer risk associated with a combination of high-temperature tea drinking, excessive alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking, Yu writes."They suggest that abstaining from hot tea might be beneficial for preventing esophageal cancer in persons who drink alcohol excessively or smoke."

“我们的研究结果显示，与高温饮茶、过度饮酒和吸烟有关的食道癌风险显著增加，”余博士写道。“他们建议，不喝热茶可能有利于帮助抽烟酗酒的瘾君子预防食道癌。”

People more at risk were the ones that drank very hot tea and also consumed more than 15 grams of alcohol, which is a a standard drink, versus those that drank tea less than once a week and had less alcohol consumption.

相比起那些每周热茶少于一次且低于可摄入酒精标准的人来说，那些不仅喝烫茶且摄入超过人体标准15克酒精的瘾君子患癌风险更大。

Lead author Jun Lv, professor of epidemiology, told Time: "We found that the association between high-temperature tea consumption and esophageal cancer risk was dependent on alcohol and tobacco consumption."

该研究的第一作者、流行病学的吕教授告诉时代杂志：“我们发现，热饮和食道癌风险之间的联系取决于此人是否还同时是个抽烟、酗酒的瘾君子。”

Esophageal cancer is rising globally and in particular with men in less developed countries.

食道癌在全球范围内正在上升，尤其是欠发达国家的男性患者增幅尤为明显。

Irritating the lining of the esophagus could lead to increased inflammation and more rapid turnover of the cells, Lv told cnn."Alternatively, hot liquids may impair the barrier function of the cells lining the esophagus, leaving the tissue open to greater damage from other carcinogens."

“刺激食道内壁会导致炎症的增加，细胞的迅速流失，”吕教授告诉cnn。“另外，热饮可能会损害食道内壁细胞的屏障功能，使组织受到其他致癌物质的更大侵害。”

Participants in the study that drank tea were asked to describe the temperature with the following options: "warm," "hot," and "burning hot."Drinking tea with the latter two options describing the temperature of the tea does not lead to developing esophageal cancer.It is only harmful when it is combined with smoking and drinking when users need to be aware.

参与研究的参与者被要求用下列选项描述温度：“暖”、“热”和“烫”。如果只是喝“热”“烫”级别的饮料并不会导致食道癌的发生。只有当喝饮料的人同时也是抽烟/酗酒的瘾君子的时候才需要对这些热饮格外注意。

Neal Freedman, author of an accompanying editorial and a researcher with the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, talked about the limitations of the study to Fox News.

Neal Freedman是一篇相关社论的作者，同时也是马里兰州美国国家癌症研究所癌症流行病学与遗传学部门的研究员，他对福克斯新闻谈到了这项研究的局限性。

“People probably do not estimate their tea temperature perfectly, and this is one of the main limitations of the study,” he said via e-mail.“Drinking tea at a lower temperature should not be considered as a replacement for smoking cessation and limiting alcohol intake.Nevertheless, accumulating data suggest that drinking very hot tea may also increase the risk of esophageal cancer, and it may be prudent for people who drink very hot beverages to wait until it cools down a bit before drinking, whether or not they also smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol.”

他通过电子邮件说：“人们可能不完全估计他们的茶温，这是这项研究的主要局限之一。”“在较低的温度下喝茶，不应被视为戒烟和限制酒精摄入的替代品。”尽管如此，积累的数据表明，喝热茶也会增加患食道癌的风险，对于那些喝热饮的人来说，不管他们是否也抽烟或喝酒，等茶凉些再喝，可能是一种更保险的做法。