NPR News:联合国首次认定ISIS对雅兹迪人实施种族灭绝

When the Islamic State seized territory in northern Iraq a couple years ago, among the hardest hit was a minority group, the Yazidis. In their ancestral home, many escaped up their sacred Mount Sinjar. Still, thousands of women were carried off into slavery while their men were massacred. A new report from the U.N.'s Human Rights Commission accuses ISIS of genocide, detailing how ISIS is attempting to wipe out the Yazidis in their home territory. Vitit Muntarbhorn is one of the authors. Thank you for joining us.
几年前ISIS占领伊拉克北部领土时，遭受冲击最大的包括少数群体雅兹迪。许多雅兹迪人离开他们的祖屋，逃到神圣的辛加尔山。但是仍有数千名女性被抓走当奴隶，他们的丈夫则被屠杀。联合国人权委员会发布了一份新报告，指责ISIS犯下种族灭绝罪行，并详细描述了ISIS灭绝雅兹迪人的企图。威迪•蒙丹蓬是这份报告的其中一名撰写者。谢谢你和我们连线。

VITIT MUNTARBHORN: Thank you.
威迪•蒙丹蓬：谢谢你。

MONTAGNE: We have heard about the Yazidis when ISIS overran the area they live in. But remind us why they are especially targeted by the Islamic State.
蒙塔：ISIS在雅兹迪人生活的地区肆虐时我们知道了雅兹迪人。为什么他们成为ISIS特别针对的目标？

MUNTARBHORN: The Yazidis are a very old community with their own religion. And unfortunately, and wrongly, they are classified as devil worshipers by ISIS. And this is a very major reason why they are not only persecuted by ISIS, but they're also targeted for destruction by ISIS. That does not see the Yazidis as so-called people of the book, who might exist with ISIS.
蒙丹蓬：雅兹迪是一个拥有自己宗教的古老群体。不幸的是，他们被ISIS错误地定性为魔鬼崇拜者。这就是他们既遭受ISIS迫害又成为ISIS摧毁目标的主要原因。这表明雅兹迪不是可以和ISIS共存的“得到圣经的人”。

MONTAGNE: Yes, because their religion certainly does predate Christianity. It's an ancient religion.
蒙塔：好，因为他们的宗教早于基督教。这是一个古老的宗教。

MUNTARBHORN: Absolutely. But unfortunately, they've been classified wrongly as kafirs, so to speak, in terms of being pagan and being infidels. And this is why they are particularly targeted for destruction through the very open policies and literature of ISIS, which can be found on the internet.
蒙丹蓬：没错。可是不幸的是，他们一直被错误地定性为“卡菲尔”，也就是异教徒。这就是他们成为ISIS摧毁目标的原因，这些可以在网上公开的ISIS政策和资料中找到。

MONTAGNE: Well, tell us about that. ISIS treats Yazidis as spoils of war when it comes to the women and as people who should be destroyed when it comes to the men and boys.
蒙塔：和我们详细说明一下。ISIS把雅兹迪女性当成战利品，把雅兹迪男性和男孩当作应被毁灭的人。

MUNTARBHORN: There's a very sort of clear, organized policy behind what this group does. For example, when people are taken as spoils of war, particularly women, they can be sold. And they are sold. One victim testimony that I read was that the person was sold 15 times into sexual enslavement, as well as other forms of enslavement, such as forced labor.
蒙丹蓬：这是这个组织明确又系统的政策。举例来说，女性被当作战利品，所以这些女性可以被卖掉。而且她们的确被卖了。我看到了一名受害者的证词，她被卖了15次，有几次是被当作性奴隶卖掉，还有几次是被当作其他形式的奴隶卖掉，被强迫劳动。

MONTAGNE: So it's all very organized, and it's according to certain rules.
蒙塔：所以这一过程非常有组织，而且要遵循特定的规则。

MUNTARBHORN: Indeed, absolutely — abused multiple times, physically attacked, injured, as well as sexually attacked — and ultimately, because so little has been done to help the Yazidis, when the women are seeking to escape, often they also land up in the trap of having to pay between $20,000 to $40,000 to escape and come back to their family.
蒙丹蓬：没错。她们多次被虐待、遭受人身攻击、受伤、还会遭遇性攻击，由于雅兹迪人几乎得不到什么帮助，所以当这些女性试图逃跑时，她们通常会陷入陷阱，最后不得不支付2万美元至4万美元的赎金才能回到家人身边。

MONTAGNE: Is there any expectation that this report — well, it moves it to another level in terms of what the public knows and in terms of governments, those member states of the U.N. — is there anything that will happen for these people?
蒙塔：这一报告使公众、各国政府以及联合国成员国的认知上升到新高度，那这些人会发生什么？

MUNTARBHORN: We would hope that this would trigger more immediate and more effective and assertive action, particularly from the top, particularly the Security Council. And what is important, also, is that the Security Council already has sanctions, already has resolutions against terrorist groups, including ISIS. So another possibility, perhaps, is to extend the existing measures to cover ISIS in terms of referring them as perpetrators to the International Criminal Court.
蒙丹蓬：我们希望这份报告能触发更直接、更有效、更有力的行动，尤其是高层和联合国安理会的行动。重要的是，联合国安理会已经出台了制裁措施，而且已经通过了对抗包括ISIS在内的恐怖组织的决议。另一个可能性是，扩大现有针对ISIS的措施，将ISIS以犯罪者身份起诉至国际刑事法庭。

MONTAGNE: Thank you very much for joining us.
蒙塔：谢谢你和我们连线。

MUNTARBHORN: Thank you very much.
蒙丹蓬：非常谢谢你。

MONTAGNE: Vitit Muntarbhorn is a member of the Independent U.N. Commission of Inquiry on Syria.
蒙塔：威迪•蒙丹蓬是联合国叙利亚独立调查委员会成员。