G7峰会要筹集6000亿美元, 对抗中国“一带一路”倡议

Leaders of the seven wealthiest democracies began three days of talks yesterday in Germany's Bavarian Alps.

七个最富有的民主国家的领导人昨日在德国巴伐利亚阿尔卑斯山开始了为期三天的会谈。

Russia's invasion of Ukraine is set to dominate the agenda.

俄罗斯入侵乌克兰势必将成为会议议程的主要议题。

But the other dominant theme is China.

但另一个主要议题是中国。

One of the first announcements out of the G7 was a $600 billion infrastructure initiative to help developing countries counter China's Belt and Road Initiative.

七国集团最先宣布的内容之一是一项6,000亿美元的基础设施建设计划，以帮助发展中国家对抗中国的“一带一路”倡议。

NPR's Rob Schmitz joins us now from Berlin.

NPR新闻的罗布·施密茨将从柏林和我们连线。

Rob, G7 leaders are seeking a deal to impose a price cap on Russian oil and pipeline gas to curb Moscow's ability to finance its war in Ukraine.

罗布，七国集团领导人正在寻求达成一项协议，对俄罗斯的石油和管道天然气设定价格上限，以遏制莫斯科为其在乌克兰的战争提供资金的能力。

Tell us more about what's on the table here.

跟我们说说现在会议桌上的情况。

Yeah, the idea here would be for the U.S. and Europe to set a fixed price for Russian oil that is below the market rate so that Russia would lose revenue for its war in Ukraine and so that inflationary pressures here in the West recede a little.

好，会议的想法是，美国和欧洲为俄罗斯石油设定一个低于市场价格的固定价格，这样俄罗斯就会因为乌克兰战争而损失收入，这样西方的通胀压力就会有所缓解。

The argument among G7 leaders is that, at least in the short term, Russia doesn't have many alternative markets to sell its oil, so it would have to agree to a price cap.

七国集团领导人的观点是，至少在短期内，俄罗斯没有太多可供选择的市场来出售其石油，因此俄罗斯将不得不同意设定价格上限。

But it's clear there is demand for Russian oil in Asia, India and China, for example, so it's unclear whether this would work.

但很明显，亚洲、印度和中国都有对俄罗斯石油的需求，因此目前还不清楚这是否会奏效。

And is there a possibility that this price cap idea could maybe backfire?

有没有可能，这个价格上限的想法可能会适得其反?

Oh, yeah. The country most skeptical of this plan is probably Germany.

哦，是。对这一计划最持怀疑态度的国家可能是德国。

It relies on Russia for around a third of its natural gas and will continue to import Russian oil alongside much of the rest of the EU through the rest of the year before an EU-wide oil ban kicks in.

德国约三分之一的天然气依赖俄罗斯，在欧盟范围内的石油禁令生效之前，该国将在今年余下的时间里继续与欧盟其他大部分国家一起进口俄罗斯石油。

Germany needs this energy to keep its economy running.

德国需要这种能源来维持其经济运行。

And last week Russia cut gas flows into Germany by 60%.

上周，俄罗斯将输送至德国的天然气削减了60%。

So there's concern here that a new price cap on oil could backfire and prompt Russia to simply cut off oil and possibly gas unilaterally, which would be a big blow to the European economy.

因此有人担心，新的石油价格上限可能会适得其反，促使俄罗斯单方面切断石油和天然气，这将对欧洲经济造成重大打击。

And I know President Biden used this G7 summit to announce the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment.

我知道拜登总统利用这次七国集团峰会宣布了“全球基建和投资伙伴”项目。

What's the aim of this? And why now?

这样做的目的是什么？为什么是现在？

Yeah, so this is a $600 billion infrastructure plan to help developing countries deal with climate change, help them build health care infrastructure and help promote gender equality.

是，这是一项6000亿美元的基础设施计划，旨在帮助发展中国家应对气候变化，帮助他们建设医疗基础设施，帮助促进性别平等。

President Biden announced a solar farm project in Angola, hospital construction in Ivory Coast and regional energy trading platforms in Southeast Asia.

拜登总统宣布了安哥拉的一个太阳能农场项目、象牙海岸的医院建设以及东南亚的区域能源交易平台。

Here's what he said about the plan.

以下是他对该计划的发言。

I want to be clear. This isn't aid or charity; it's an investment that will deliver returns for everyone, including the American people and the people of all our nations.

我想讲清楚。这不是援助或做慈善；这是一项将为每个人带来回报的投资，包括美国人民和我们所有国家的人民。

It will boost all of our economies. It's a chance for us to share our positive vision for the future.

这项计划将提振我们所有的经济。这对我们来说是一个分享我们对未来积极愿景的机会。

And Biden said it's also a chance to pull the developing world closer to the Democratic West instead of towards the orbit of China, whose Belt and Road Initiative is the competing infrastructure development plan for the developing world.

拜登表示，这也是一个机会，可以让发展中国家更接近民主西方，而非走上中国的轨道，中国的“一带一路”倡议是与之竞争的发展中国家基础设施发展计划。

And, Rob, one another thing - because shortly before this summit began, the United Kingdom announced that it, the U.S., Japan and Canada would ban imports of Russian gold as part of the latest measures taken against Russia.

罗布，还有另一件事儿--因为在这次峰会开始前不久，英国宣布，作为对俄罗斯采取的最新措施的一部分，英国、美国、日本和加拿大将禁止进口俄罗斯黄金。

What will that mean?

这意味着什么？

Well, the Biden administration said this will be formally announced tomorrow at the summit.

嗯，拜登政府表示，这将会在明天的峰会上正式宣布。

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson says banning Russian gold imports will directly hit Russian oligarchs and strike at the heart of Putin's war machine.

英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊表示，禁止俄罗斯黄金进口将直接打击俄罗斯寡头，并打击普京战争机器的核心。

Russian gold imports to the U.K. reached $15.5 billion dollars last year, and this figure has only gone up since sanctions were imposed.

去年，俄罗斯对英国的黄金进口额达到155亿美元，自制裁实施以来，这一数字一直在上升。

It's been a way that Russia's government has tried to get around the sanctions.

这是俄罗斯政府试图绕过制裁的一种方式。

But then again, it's unclear whether the EU will join their allies on this initiative.

但话又说回来，目前还不清楚欧盟是否会加入他们盟友的计划。