意大利或将迎来二战后首位极右翼总理

Big changes in Italy. Italians have voted in what will be their first far-right government since World War II.

意大利发生了巨大变化。意大利人投票选出自二战以来的首个极右翼政府。

Yeah. Yesterday's vote saw Giorgia Meloni's Brothers of Italy emerge as the single largest party.

是的。在昨日的投票中，乔吉亚·梅洛尼领导的意大利兄弟党成为该国最大的单一政党。

Her coalition of right-wing parties will be able to form the next government.

她领导的右翼政党联盟将组建下一届政府。

And Meloni is expected to become Italy's first female prime minister.

梅洛尼有望成为意大利首位女总理。

The move comes as the European Union struggles to remain united as Russia's invasion of Ukraine fuels economic turmoil in the continent.

这一改变正值欧盟努力保持团结之际，因为俄罗斯入侵乌克兰加剧了欧洲大陆的经济动荡。

Is this result a surprise in Italy? Or had things been leaning in Meloni's direction for a while?

这个结果在意大利意外吗? 还是说，事情对梅洛尼有利已经有好一阵儿了?

Yeah, things had been leaning her way for quite a while.

是，事情对她有利已经有好一阵儿了。

For weeks now, in public opinion polls, her party had been leading.

几周来，在民意调查中，她领导的政党一直处于领先地位。

Her party, the Brothers of Italy, they ran as part of a coalition that includes the hard-right, anti-immigrant party called League, which is run by former Interior Minister Matteo Salvini, and Forza Italia, which is run by three-time Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi.

她领导的政党，意大利兄弟党，作为一个联盟的一部分，该联盟包括极右翼反移民政党“联盟党”，由前内政部长马泰奥·萨尔维尼领导，以及“意大利力量党”，由当选过三届总理的西尔维奥·贝卢斯科尼领导。

But make no mistake, Salvini and Berlusconi, these are fading political figures.

但毫无疑问，萨尔维尼和贝卢斯科尼，这些都是逐渐没落的政治人物。

Meloni is the big winner now and the new star of Italian politics.

梅洛尼现在是大赢家，也是意大利政坛的新星。

So before we talk about the consequences of that and this far-right party coming into power, just tell us about the woman at the center of this. Who is she?

在我们谈论这个极右翼政党掌权的后果之前，请先给我们讲讲这个处于中心的女人。她是谁?

Yeah. Meloni is young. She's 45 years old.

好。梅洛尼很年轻。她45岁了。

And she grew up in this working-class neighborhood in Rome that's actually known for left-wing politics.

她在罗马的一个工人阶级社区长大，那里以左翼政治而闻名。

And yet, when Maloney was a teenager, she joined the local youth chapter of a movement founded by supporters of Benito Mussolini after World War II.

然而，当梅洛尼还是个青少年的时候，她就加入了一个当地青年运动的一个分会，该运动是一个由贝尼托·墨索里尼的支持者在二战后发起的。

And she stuck by this ideology for years.

多年来，她一直坚持这种意识形态。

But she also had big ambitions.

但她也有很大的野心。

When she took over the Brothers of Italy in 2018, it was a minor party. Now it's No. 1.

2018年她接管了意大利兄弟会，那时还是一个小党。现在已经成最大党了。

And she made this happen in part by rehabilitating her own image, transforming from this young firebrand with a scary past into this reasonable everywoman fighting to save Italy's identity.

她之所以能将该党变成最大党，在一定程度上是因为她重塑了自己的形象，从一个有着可怕过去的年轻煽动者，转变为一个为拯救意大利身份而奋斗的通情达理的普通女性。

So she made a transformation of herself, her political identity, but also her party's, clearly, in some way.

她改变了自己，改变了她的政治身份，在某种程度上，显然也改变了她所在政党的身份。

Explain how she managed all this.

解释一下她是怎么做到的。

Yeah. So I spoke to this Italian political scientist, Domeniko Fracchiolla.

好。我和意大利政治学家多梅尼科·弗拉基奥拉谈了谈。

He says Meloni is a gifted politician who can read the room and learn from her mistakes.

他表示，梅洛尼是一个有天赋的政治家，她能看透周围的人，从错误中吸取教训。

And that's how she campaigned.

这就是她竞选的方式。

She was selling herself as a moderate defender of the family values, as ardent supporter of Ukraine and also of NATO - and as she likes to say, as a woman, mother and Christian.

她把自己标榜为家庭价值观的温和捍卫者，乌克兰和北约的热情支持者，正如她喜欢说的那样，她自己是一个女人、母亲和基督徒。

And we stopped by her old neighborhood, Garbatella, this leftist neighborhood.

我们路过了她住过的老社区，Garbatella，一个左派社区。

And I even met voters who just shrugged off Meloni's past.

我甚至遇到过对梅洛尼的过去不屑一顾的选民。

Here's advertising manager Tiziana Pipistrello.

下面是推广经理蒂齐亚纳·皮里斯特雷洛所言。

She's saying, enough with this fascism business already.

她说法西斯主义的事不要再提了。

That's all in the past.

那都是过去的事了。

You know, but many others, you know, they told me that, you know, they worry Meloni will roll back abortion rights or crack down on immigrants and the LGBT community.

但还有很多人，他们告诉我，他们担心梅洛尼会取消堕胎权或打击移民和性少数群体。

So Italian politics, Joanna, as you know, are such that prime ministers don't necessarily last that long. Governments can crumble really fast

乔安娜，正如你所知，意大利的政治是这样的，总理不一定能在位很长时间。政府可能会崩得非常快。

How is she going to prevent that?

她要怎么阻止这一切呢?

So - well, her first challenge will be bringing together this very divided country, which she alluded to in her victory speech last night.

她的首个挑战将是团结这个分裂的国家，她在昨晚的胜选演讲中略微提及了这一点。

She's saying, it's important to understand that if we're called upon to govern this nation, we will do so for all Italians with the aim of uniting the people.

她表示，重要的是要明白，如果我们被要求治理这个国家，我们将会为所有意大利人这样做，目的是团结人民。

And she's got a lot of uniting to do.

她还有很多团结的工作要做。

Only 64% of Italians voted on Sunday, and that's the lowest turnout for a general election in nearly 50 years.

周日只有64%的意大利人投票，这是近50年来大选的最低投票率。