朝鲜进行导弹试验，模拟用核武器打击敌人

North Korea is telling a story about its recent missile tests.

朝鲜正在讲述其最近的导弹试验的故事。

It has conducted seven rounds of tests in the past couple of weeks, and the government now says those launches all simulated attacks on South Korea, using tactical nuclear weapons.

朝鲜在过去几周已经进行了7轮导弹测试，该国政府表示，这些导弹试射使用战术核武器，对韩国进行模拟攻击。

North Korea also restated its position that it's not interested in dialogue with the United States or South Korea.

朝鲜还重申了其立场，即对与美国或韩国对话不感兴趣。

So tell us more about what North Korea had to say about its recent tests.

请告诉我们朝鲜对最近的导弹试射有何说法。

So North Korea's state media reported Monday that all seven of these recent tests involved nuclear-capable, short-range, intermediate-range and submarine-launched ballistic missiles.

朝鲜官方媒体周一报道称，最近的7次导弹试验都涉及可携带核弹头的短程、中程和潜射弹道导弹。

And the test simulated wartime attacks on South Korean ports, airports and command facilities.

这次测试模拟了战时对韩国港口、机场和指挥设施的攻击。

And leader Kim Jong Un personally oversaw some of the launches.

朝鲜领导人金正恩亲自监督了其中一些发射。

What state media reported about the intentions were that the drills were supposed to show the effectiveness and readiness of the North's tactical nuclear forces and also send a warning to the U.S. and South Korea at a time when the U.S. has been ramping up its own military exercises with South Korea and Japan.

官方媒体报道的意图是，此次演习旨在展示朝鲜战术核力量的有效性和战备程度，并在美国不断加强与韩国和日本的军事演习之际向美国和韩国发出警告。

And when did North Korea get tactical nuclear weapons? And what does it change?

朝鲜是什么时候拥有战术核武器的?这会改变什么?

Experts believe that North Korea probably decided to get tactical nukes in 2019 after a failed summit in Hanoi between then President Trump and Kim Jong Un and that Kim publicly announced his intention to get these weapons in January of 2021.

专家认为，朝鲜可能是在特朗普总统和金正恩在河内的首脑会谈失败后，于2019年决定获得战术核武器的，金正恩在2021年1月公开宣布打算获得这些武器。

Now, Lee Ho-ryung, who's a researcher at the Korea Institute for Defense Analyses, argues that these weapons are not new.

现在，韩国国防分析研究所的研究员李皓龙认为这些并非新型武器。

What North Korea is trying to do is deploy them in new ways so that they can avoid being detected or intercepted by the U.S. and South Korea. Here's what she said.

朝鲜正试图以新的方式部署这些导弹，这样就可以避免被美国和韩国发现或拦截。以下是她的发言。

She says, "I think the variety of launches betray North Korean military units' fear of Kim Jong Un, who is demanding that the military come up with solutions and tactics."

她说: “我认为，各式各样的发射暴露了朝鲜军队对金正恩的恐惧，金正恩要求军队拿出解决方案和战术。”

She adds that these tests are a result of that fear and, in a way, betray their vulnerabilities.

她补充说，这些导弹测试是这种恐惧的结果，在某种程度上暴露了他们的脆弱性。

So basically, she's skeptical that the North's tactical nuclear forces are as effective as Pyongyang claims.

基本上，她对朝鲜的战术核力量是否像朝鲜宣称的那样有效持怀疑态度。

But do North Korea's tactical nukes make nuclear war more likely?

但是，朝鲜的战术核武器会增加核战争的可能性吗?

Arguably, yes. North Korea recently updated its nuclear doctrine and wrote that doctrine into law.

可以说, 会的。朝鲜最近更新了核原则，并将该原则写入了法律。

And Lee argues that these tests were meant to show that the military can enforce that law.

李皓龙认为，这些试验是为了表明朝鲜军方可以执行该法律。

The law says that North Korea can use its nukes preemptively - that is, it can launch them not because it's been attacked but simply because it's losing in a conventional war.

法律规定，朝鲜可以先发制人地使用核武器--也就是说，朝鲜可以发射核武器，不需要受到了攻击，而只需要输了常规战争。

And previously, Kim Jong Un has been the only one with the authority to launch nukes, but now Kim apparently intends to delegate authority to use tactical nukes to frontline military commanders so that they can win on the battlefield, and even if Kim is killed in a decapitation strike, North Korea can still retaliate.

此前，金正恩是唯一拥有核武器发射权的人，但现在，金正恩为了在战场上取得胜利，将战术核武器的使用权下放给了前线军事指挥官，即使金正恩在斩首行动中丧生，朝鲜仍可以进行反击。

At this point, is North Korea's nuclear arsenal complete?

说到这一点，朝鲜的核武库建完了吗?

No. Experts have been saying for some time that North Korea's plan was first to develop tactical nukes, then progress to upgrading intercontinental ballistic missiles, ICBMs, and nuclear tests.

还没有。一段时间以来，专家一直认为，朝鲜的计划是首先发展战术核武器，然后是升级洲际弹道导弹、进行核试验。

In other words, they want to show first that they can hit U.S. military bases in South Korea, Japan and Guam and then show that they can hit the U.S. mainland.

换句话说，他们想首先展示他们可以打击美国在韩国、日本和关岛的军事基地，然后展示他们可以打击美国本土。