禁烟令 Smokers to face one more ban

Hello, I’m Neil. Welcome to 6 Minute English. With me in the studio today is Rob.
大家好，欢迎收听六分钟英语节目。我是主播Neil，今天嘉宾是Rob。
Hello, Neil.
你好，Neil。
Traditionally, January is the month in which people try to make their New Year’s resolutions work.Some want to get fit, others swear they will drink less alcohol and there are those who want to stop smoking.
一般来讲，人们会在一月制定新年计划。有些人想瘦下来，有些人发誓戒酒或者戒烟。
Many people might wish to stop smoking here in England because, according to a plan,smoking in cars with children will be banned under new laws put forward by the government.
英国现在很多人想要戒烟，是因为根据政府颁布的一项政策将禁止在有小孩的车内吸烟。
And a similar move is being discussed in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.Today we’re talking about this new proposal restricting where people are allowed to smoke. And you’ll learn some related vocabulary so you can have your own discussion on the subject.
威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰也有意向这样。今天我们就来讨论这项限制吸烟场所的提案，并且介绍一些相关的描述词语。
We usually talk about smoking as a habit – that’s what we do every day without even thinking and it’s difficult to give up. Well, this ban is going to cause controversy, in other words, disagreement expressed in an angry, public way.
我们通常说吸烟是一种习惯，常常自然而然的做却很难改变。这项禁令将会引起争议，或者说，反对意见者表达会大声且热烈地抗议。
Yes, smokers are trying hard to carry on enjoying their cigarettes. But there are a couple of places where they’ve already lost the battle, Rob.
是啊，烟民都尽力维护继续吸烟的自由。但是在某几个地方，他们已经丧失了吸烟的权利。
And where’s that?
在哪些地方呢？
I’m giving you a chance to tell me. Bans on smoking in cars where children are present already exist in some regions of particular countries. Is it:a) in the French capital, Parisb) in some US statesc) in Greece
给你个机会猜猜看。在某些国家和地区，已经禁止在有小孩的车内吸烟，是哪里呢？选项有：a) 法国首都巴黎b）美国一些地区c) 希腊
I don’t know but I’m gonna go for b) in some US states.
不知道，蒙一个B.
OK. Well, we’ll have the answer to that question at the end of the programme. Now let’s hear the argument in favour of a ban. Here’s Dr Hilary Wareing. She is the director of the Tobacco Control Collaborating Centre, which works with the World Health Organisation.
好的，答案将在本期节目后面揭晓。来听听支持禁令的人怎么说，比如博士Hilary Wareing。她是世界卫生组织的烟草控制协作中心的主任。
The World Health Organisation is campaigning to discourage people from smoking. Campaigning means working in an organised and active way to achieve an objective.
世界卫生组织正在呼吁人们戒烟，Campaigning指的是通过有组织的积极方式来达到某个目标，
Listen out for what Dr Wareing calls the smoke from other people’s cigarettes.
来听听Wareing博士怎么说。
【Dr Hilary Wareing, Tobacco Control Collaborating Centre in Britain】Those children who are exposed to second-hand smoke in cars are more likely to end up going to their doctors with respiratory infections, more likely to end up going to hospital with a respiratory infection and much more likely to get a wheeze or actually have asthma through their childhood.
【Wareing博士，英国烟草控制协作中心】在车内吸二手烟的孩子很容易因呼吸道疾病去世，也经常不治身亡，很多孩子因此患上了哮喘。
So Dr Wareing calls smoke from other people’s cigarette second-hand smoke. Second-hand is something which has had a previous owner.
Wareing博士说来自其他人的烟气是二手烟，Second-hand意味着之前已经有一位主人。
And she also mentions?asthma. This is an illness you hear a lot about when people discuss the effects of tobacco smoke and pollution on people’s lungs. People with asthma sometimes find it difficult to breathe. You faced this problem as a child, didn’t you, Rob?
她还提到了，哮喘。这个词常常在讨论烟草污染及造成的肺部疾病时出现，患有哮喘的人常常呼吸困难。Rob，你小时候也有过这个病，对不对？
Asthma? No, but when I was a kid my brother, who was much older than me, used to smoke in the car. Now, the smell was terrible, the smoke bothered me a lot and even if I don’t have asthma now, I just don’t like breathing in smoke. If people want to smoke, it’s their personal choice, but not near me.
哮喘？不是我，是我小时候一个兄弟，他经常在车内吸烟。恩，车内吸烟的气味很可怕，即使我现在没有哮喘，我也不想在车内吸二手烟。你想要抽烟随便你，只要不在我周围就好。
The proposal under discussion here in England includes a fine of up to ?50 – that’s about $80 – imposed on the driver of the car if there’s somebody smoking when there’s a child passenger.
英国这项提议里出现了罚款，最高50英镑？不，大概80英镑？就是当车内有小孩时，若是有人吸烟，司机将会面临罚款。
A fine is the money you pay as a punishment for having broken the law. And the driver is responsible, even if he is not the person smoking in the car. This will really cause some conflict.
Fine指的是犯错后的罚款。司机是责任方，哪怕他本人并不是车内吸烟的当事人，这个提案很容易有纠纷啊。
It probably will. But it’s difficult to find anyone who doesn’t defend a child’s right to be healthy. Children are vulnerable – vulnerable means they are exposed to harm and can’t defend themselves. We have to protect them. But many smokers see this proposal with suspicion.
确实有，不过为了孩子的健康，大部分人都不会反对吧。孩子们很脆弱，vulnerable意思是很容易受到伤害且难以自保。很多烟民看到这项提案的第一反应是我们要保护孩子。
Yes, in the last few years, smokers have seen restrictions in their ability to smoke. In many countries they aren’t allowed to smoke in closed public places like bars anymore. And cigarette packages show disturbing pictures of diseased lungs.
是的，在过去几年里，烟民发现了种种吸烟限制。在很多国家，封闭场所例如酒吧之类的已经禁烟了。很多香烟上印着吓人的吸烟者肺部图像。
Smoking doesn’t look so cool anymore. One of the smokers suspicious of the new ban is Hayley. This British driver said she doesn’t smoke when her children are on board. But that’s as far as she goes in agreeing with the ban.
吸烟不像看起来那么酷了。来听听质疑禁烟令的烟民Hayley怎么说。这位英国司机说，当孩子在车上时她从不吸烟，但这就是她能接受的底线了。
What objection – I mean what reason for disagreeing – is she raising?
那她反对什么？
Listen out for the two words Hayley uses when talking about the physical area surrounding her which she feels is very personal.
仔细听，Hayley怎么形容她的私人空间的。
【Hayley, a smoker】If they are going to stop it with people in the cars with their children I completely agree with that. I completely understand where they are coming from, but to take it to the next level of stopping it even if you haven’t got children in the car then I think that’s a little bit beyond people’s personal space, really.
【烟民，Hayley】如果禁令是打算组织带着孩子的烟民，我完全同意，我知道他们的意思，但是如果说没有孩子车内也禁止吸烟，我觉得这侵占了我的个人空间。
Hayley talks about her personal space – it means the area around her body which she feels is hers and if invaded makes her feel uncomfortable.In this case, Hayley feels that her car is her personal space and she should be able to choose if she wants to smoke in it.
Hayley提到了个人空间，意思是不想遭受他人打扰的私人领域。这里，Hayley认为车内是她的私人空间，她可以有吸烟的自由。
Well, it seems that enforcing this ban will be a bit of a challenge for the authorities.There’s a ban on smoking inside buses but I tell you, sometimes I can smell smoke from somewhere.
好的，看起来这项禁令算是政府的一项挑战任务了。有一项禁令禁止公交车上吸烟，但是有时候我仍然会闻到烟味。
They breach the law at their own peril. But other places have managed to implement the ban on smoking in cars with child passengers.So what’s the answer to the question you put earlier in the programme, Neil?
触犯了法律只能自己承担自认了，但是有些地方却实现了有孩童时车内禁烟令。还记得节目一开始的问题么？
Where are people not allowed by law to smoke in private cars with children on board: is it Paris, some US states or Greece?
哪里已经出台了法规禁止有孩童时车内吸烟呢？巴黎、美国一些地方还是希腊？
Well, I said some US states.
我猜的是美国一些地方。
And you were correct!
猜对啦。
Oh good.
哈哈。
Well, the proposal here in England has yet to be voted for in Parliament and it might be implemented only by October.
这项禁令在英国还处于议会投票阶段，距离真正实施还有10个月左右，
So plenty of time there for a good debate.
很长时间呢，支持者和反对者可以好好讨论。
Yes but two people who can’t continue the discussion, at least for the moment, are both of us.That’s because we’ve run out of time, Rob. Let’s just remember some of the words used today.
恩，但是有两人不能继续讨论了，就是咱俩。这期节目快超时了，来回忆一下今天学习的词语吧。
habitcontroversycampaigningsecond-hand smokeasthmafinevulnerablepersonal space
习惯。争议。宣传活动。二手烟。哮喘。罚款。脆弱的。个人空间。
That’s it for today. Do log on to www.bbclearningenglish.com to find more 6 Minute English programmes. Until next time. Goodbye!
今天节目就到这里，我们下期再会。
Bye!
再见。