新概念第二册自学导读 Lessons55-56

（1）much和many通常用于否定句和疑问句（正式文体除外）。在日常谈话中，我们通常避免在肯定句中使用much和many，而用别的数量词。口语中用得最多的表示“许多”的数量词是a lot of（常被认为不宜用在正式的场合），它既可以与复数可数名词连用也可以与不可数名词连用，后面的动词用单数还是复数取决于名词：

A lot of time is needed to do this work.

做这项工作需要很多时间。

A lot of books have been stolen.

许多书被盗了。

比a lot of正式一些的表达方式有：a great/good deal of+不可数名词，a great/good/large number of+复数名词，a great/good many of+复数名词。

A great/good deal of money is spent on food.

在食物上花了很多钱。

A great/good number of our students are Americans.

我们的学生中有许多是美国人。

Tom doesn't read much, but Ian reads a great deal/a lot.

汤姆读书不多，但伊恩读得很多。

（2）在what引导的感叹句中不用 much/many:

词汇学习Word study

1．handsome, beautiful, pretty与good-looking

这些单词都可以表示“美”，但含义和用法各不相同。handsome 通常用来形容男子，表示“漂亮的”、“英俊的”； beautiful表示“美的”、“给人美感的”、“令人愉悦的”、“完美的”等含义，多用于形容女子、孩童、花草、服饰等，不用来形容男子的长相；pretty表示“漂亮的”、“可爱的”、“令人怜爱的”等含义，多用于女子、孩子等；good-looking表示容貌“标致的”、“美貌的”、“好看的”，男女均适用，它所表示的美通常不及beautiful所表示的：

Dan is a handsome/good-looking young man.

丹是个英俊的/很帅的小伙子。

Mary is a beautiful/good-looking/pretty girl.

玛丽是个美丽的/好看的/漂亮的姑娘。

2．reach与arrive in/at

（1）reach表示“到达”、“达到”。表示抵达某地时通常为及物动词，比arrive in/at要正式：

When did you reach London?

你们何时抵达伦敦的？

reach适用的范围比较广，不仅仅限于地点，作不及物动词的情况较少：

When you reach my age, you'll be able to understand it.

等你到我这个年龄时，你就可以理解了。

Can you get that book down for me please? I can't reach it.

请你帮我把那本书拿下来好吗？我够不着。

（2）arrive为不及物动词，表示“到达”、“抵达”。它既可以单独使用，也可以与介词连用。在表示到达某个较大的地方时用arrive in, 到达某个较小的地方/场所用arrive at, 这由说话者决定：

When I arrived at the station, the train had already gone.

我到车站时，那列火车已经开走了。

3．take part与take place

（1）固定短语take part(in)表示“参加”、“参与”：

It was the oldest car taking part.

它是参赛车中最老的一辆。

How many of you are taking part in the play?

你们当中有多少人参加了这个剧的演出？

I didn't take part in their conversation.

我没有加入他们的谈话。

（2）take place也是个固定短语，表示“发生”、“进行”、“举行”：

All these took place before you were born.

所有这些都发生在你出生之前。

The Olympic Games will take place in our country in four years' time.

4年以后，奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举办。

练习答案Key to written exercises

1．关键句型练习答案

A One of the most handsome cars(1.3); The most unusual car (1.4); the oldest car(1.5); more time under their cars than in them (11.7-8); much faster than any of…(1.9)；but no less exciting (than modern car races) (1.11)

2．难点练习答案

a They have some very handsome antique furniture.

Switzerland is a very beautiful country.

She was a very pretty baby, but she's quite plain now.

They make a very good-looking couple.

b Can you reach the top of that cupboard?

They arrived at the station just in time.

c Are you taking part in the new play?

The meeting took place in Paris last week.

3．多项选择题答案

1 c  2 a  3 c  4 c  5 a  6 c

7 a  8 b  9 b  10 c  11 c  12 c