如何在公开场合演讲

Most of us dread making a speech to a group, but if you think of it as simple communication or helping others, you won’t be nervous.

我们大部分人都害怕当众讲话，但如果你把它看做是一种简单的交流，或是对他人的帮助而已，那么你就不会紧张了。

You Will Need.Knowledge
Critic
Paper and pen
Role models
Stories and metaphors
Mirror
Note cards
Strong voice
Audience

你需要的的东西有：
知识，评论员，纸和笔，角色扮演者，一些故事，打比方，镜子，提示卡，清晰有力的声音，听众

Step 1: Know the subject
Know your subject and align your message with audience expectations.

第1步：了解话题
了解你的话题，组织材料时要使之符合听众的口味。

Step 2: Prepare
Prepare by role-playing the speech with a cohort to challenge your points. Focus on one topic and set out your speech to cover issues.

第2步：准备
让一个朋友扮演听众，来演练你的演讲。要围绕一个话题展开，并用小论点来支持这个中心。

Step 3: Write it down
Capture key elements on paper in draft, and refine and edit a day or two later. Be concise and simple, using words that are easy to pronounce.

第3步：将讲稿写下来
在纸上打个草稿，要突出主要因素，并在一两天后对草稿进行修订和完善。要准确而简练，用词要易于脱口。

Tips: Limit complex formulations, big words, and too many statistics in your speech to avoid losing your audience.

小贴士：演讲中尽量少用复杂的公式、不常用的大词，不要用太多的数据，以免把听众吓跑。

Step 4: Summarize
While you’re preparing, summarize your speech in one sentence to be sure you’re on point. Jot notes to trigger stories and metaphors you will use to emphasize important information.

第4步：总结
做演讲准备时，先用一个句子来概括演讲的主题，以确保你不会离题。然后在稿纸上勾画出你将要用到的相关故事和修辞，用来强调重要的信息。

Step 5: Emulate others
study other speakers and absorb effective tendencies to enrich your presentation.

第5步：模仿他人
向其他的演讲者学习，借鉴他们演讲时的有效方式，以使自己的演讲更加生动。

Tips: Allusions to people, history, or events must be brief and widely familiar.

小贴士：与人物、历史或事件相关的典故必须简明而广为人知。

Step 6: Practice and smile
Practice in front of a mirror, remembering to smile and gesture naturally. Outline your speech on note cards, but try to get “off book” as soon as you can so your delivery will flow.

第6步：练习与微笑
在镜子前进行演讲练习，记得要微笑，要举止自然。可以在提示卡上列一下提纲，但练习中要尽量脱稿，只要你能做到了不依赖于稿子，演说词会自然源源流出。

Step 7: Project your voice
Project and modulate your voice, using emotion to telegraph key points.

第7步：调整你的声音
调整和控制你的声音，借助情感来传达信息要点。

Tips: As long as it’s not overdone, humor is always a good idea.

小贴士：幽默总是个不错的主意，只要别过头就行。

Step 8: Interact with the audience
Interact with the audience as you speak, permitting questions and moving around, keeping the presentation dynamic.

第8步：与听众互动
讲话时要与听众互动，请他们提出一些问题予以解答，要在会场四处走动开来，使你的演讲充满活力。

Tips: Did you know? Making a presentation in public is the no.1 fear reported by people in the U.S.

小贴士：你知道吗？对公共演讲的恐惧被美国人视为在所有恐惧中是排在第一位的。