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过去将来时的用法说明

2010-03-09来源:和谐英语

过去将来时的用法说明

 

1. 基本结构与用法

过去将来时由“would+动词原形”构成,主要表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的事情(尤其用于宾语从句中):

He told us he would help us. 他告诉我们他会帮助我们。

I knew you would agree. 我当时就知道你会同意的。

【注】在一定的语境中也可于其他从句或句子中:

It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

It was six o’clock. The sun would soon set. 这时是六点钟。太阳即将落山。

 

2. 过去将来时间的表示方法

除“would+动词原形”外,过去将来时还有以下常见表达方式:

(1) 用was (were) going to表示。表示过去某时准备做某事:

Marsha was going to come with us. 玛莎准备和我们一道去。

I was going to leave when he came in. 他进来时我正要离开。

【注】was going to在一定的上下文中有时可表示过去未曾实现的想法或打算:

She was going to attend the concert last night, but she was too busy. 她昨晚本想去听音乐会的,但她太忙了。

(2) 用was (were) about+不定式表示。表示在过去看来正要做某事:

I was just about to go to bed when he came to see me. 我正要睡觉,他来看我了。

(3) 用于was (were) due to表示。表示定于过去某时将要做某事:

They were due to leave at ten o’clock. 他们定于十点出发。

(4) 用“was (were)+不定式”表示。表示定于过去某时将要做某事:

He was to meet her at 10 on the street. 他约定和她10点钟在街上见面。

【注】若表示过去没有实现(或被取消)的计划,则用was (were) to+动词完成式:

We were to have left at 6 last night. 我们本来计划昨晚6点离开的。