过去将来时的用法说明

过去将来时的用法说明

1. 基本结构与用法

过去将来时由“would+动词原形”构成，主要表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的事情(尤其用于宾语从句中)：

He told us he would help us. 他告诉我们他会帮助我们。

I knew you would agree. 我当时就知道你会同意的。

【注】在一定的语境中也可于其他从句或句子中：

It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

It was six o’clock. The sun would soon set. 这时是六点钟。太阳即将落山。

2. 过去将来时间的表示方法

除“would+动词原形”外，过去将来时还有以下常见表达方式：

(1) 用was (were) going to表示。表示过去某时准备做某事：

Marsha was going to come with us. 玛莎准备和我们一道去。

I was going to leave when he came in. 他进来时我正要离开。

【注】was going to在一定的上下文中有时可表示过去未曾实现的想法或打算：

She was going to attend the concert last night, but she was too busy. 她昨晚本想去听音乐会的，但她太忙了。

(2) 用was (were) about+不定式表示。表示在过去看来正要做某事：

I was just about to go to bed when he came to see me. 我正要睡觉，他来看我了。

(3) 用于was (were) due to表示。表示定于过去某时将要做某事：

They were due to leave at ten o’clock. 他们定于十点出发。

(4) 用“was (were)+不定式”表示。表示定于过去某时将要做某事：

He was to meet her at 10 on the street. 他约定和她10点钟在街上见面。

【注】若表示过去没有实现(或被取消)的计划，则用was (were) to+动词完成式：

We were to have left at 6 last night. 我们本来计划昨晚6点离开的。