涉及状语从句的几种特定时态

涉及状语从句的几种特定时态

1. “主将从现”原则

即若主句为一般将来时，时间和条件状语从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来，而不能直接使用将来时态。如：

I’ll give her the telex when she comes. 她来时把电传交给她。

I’ll return the book as soon as I have read it. 这书一看完我就送还。

He’ll have four years at university after he leaves school. 他中学毕业后要上四年大学。

2. since与完成时

since 引导时间状语从句时，其主句通常要用现在完成时，有时也用现在完成进行时。如：

She has had another baby since I saw her last. 从上次我见到她以来，她又生了一个孩子。

He has grown an inch since I saw him. 我上次见到他以后他已长高了一英寸。

注：当主句为“It + be + 一段时间”时，则通常用一般现在时代替现在完成时。如：

It’s more than three years now since I saw her last. 我们已有三年多没见面了。

 3. 特定句式的时态

由no sooner. . . than, hardly [scarcely]…when引出的时间状语从句，其主句通常用过去完成时，从句通常用一般过去时。如：

Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 他刚到她就抱怨起来。

No sooner had he gone to sleep than the telephone rang. 他刚睡着电话铃就响了。

We had no sooner set out than a thunderstorm broke. 我们刚出发就下起一阵雷暴。

No sooner had she agreed to marry him than she started to have terrible doubts. 她刚同意嫁给他她就开始产生可怕的疑虑。