现在分词being的语法功能及用法说明

现在分词being的语法功能及用法说明

 摘自《第二课堂》原作者：陈仁祯

being 既可以是谓语动词，也可以是非谓语动词。作为谓语动词，其用法比较简单，主要用于构成进行时态(含被动语态的进行时态)；作为非谓语动词，其用法则比较复杂，可用于引出短语构成主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。

一、现在分词being 用作谓语动词

1. being为助动词时的用法

当being为助动词时，用作谓语动词动词的being主要与过去分词连用，构成被动语态。如：

I'm always being criticized. 我总是挨批。

He is being interviewed now. 他现在正在接受面试。

He is being met at the station tonight. 今晚有人去车站迎接他。

2. being为连系动词时的用法

当being为连系动词时，用作谓语动词动词的being主要与形容词连用，表示临时特征或暂时现象。如：

You’re being stupid. 你真傻。

You are not being very polite. 你可是不大客气呀。

Your brother is being very annoying this evening. 你兄弟今晚很烦人。

二、现在分词being 用作非谓语动词

1. being为助动词时的用法

(1) 作主语。如：

Being lost can be a terrifying experience. 迷路可能是一种很可怕的经历。

Being recognized wherever you go is the price you pay for being famous. 出名所付出的代价是不管你走到哪里，都会被人认出来。

(2) 作宾语。如：

He can't stand being kept waiting. 让他等着，他可不干。

Do you like being stared at? 你愿意人家盯着你看吗?

(3) 作宾语补足语。如：

I saw him being taken away by the police. 我看到他正被警察带走。

I found myself being drawn into another dreary argument. 我发现竟然身不由己又参与了一次无聊的争论。

It’s interesting (for children) to see a house being built. (孩子们)看造房子是挺有趣的事。

(4) 作定语。如：

Did you see that boy being questioned by the police? 你看见那个男孩受到警察的盘问了吗?

We are going to reduce the number of trees being cut down. 我们要减少砍伐的树的数量。

(5) 作状语。如：

Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 给了她这个机会，她立刻抓住。

Being well taken care of, she recovered quickly. 她受到很好的照顾，身体恢复得很快。

注：有时 being 可带有自己的逻辑主语(构成独立主格结构)。如：

The question being settled, we went home. 问题解决之后，我们就回家了。