有关非谓语动词的重要考点

七、考查非谓语动词用作宾语补足语

原则上，所有的非谓语动词形式均可用作宾语补足语，其区别是：不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成和被动。如：

1. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise_________. (北京卷)

A. going on               B. goes on                 C. went on                 D. to go on

【分析】答案选A。作with的宾语的补足语要用非谓语动词，排除选项B和C；与谓语动作同时发生用现在分词作宾语补足语，排除表示将来的不定式选项D。

2. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it _________often enough (天津卷)

A. explaining              B. to explain            C. explain                 D. explained

【分析】答案选D。宾语it与explain是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，have sth done意为“请人做某事”。

八、考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题

按照英语习惯，非谓语动词的逻辑主语应与句子一致，否则就应调整句子结构。如：

While watching television, _________. (全国卷III)

A. the door bell rang                                 B. the doorbell rings

C. we heard the doorbell ring                     D. we heard the doorbell rings

【分析】答案选C。因为watching的逻辑主语一定是we，排除选项A和B；又因在hear后作宾语补足语的是省略了to的不定式，所以选项D中的rings是错误的。

九、考查非谓语动词用作主语的问题

原则上说，动词用作主语，只能是不定式或动名词，不能是分词形式。这类考题命题还往往用动词原形作为干扰项进行考查，同学们做题需引起注意。如：

It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview; _________the answers ready will be of great help. (北京卷)

A. To have had        B. Having had           C. Have                    D. Having

【分析】答案选D。动名词短语用作主语。

十、考查“(be +) 过去分词+介词”结构

有一类“be+过去分词+介词”结构，如be interested in, be worried about, be lost in, be dressed in 等，也往往是命题的热点。如：

1. _________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. (江苏卷)

A. Having lost           B. Lost                   C. Being lost               D. Losing

【分析】答案选 B。因表示“迷路于”是lose oneself in，题中没有oneself, 所以the two students与lose是被动关系，应该用过去分词作状语。

2. _________ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. (湖南卷)

A. Dressed               B. To dress              C. Dressing             D. Having dressed

【分析】答案选 A。由dress的宾语一定是人或oneself可知，dress与he是动宾关系，即he与dress是被动关系，要用过去分词作状语，Dressed in …=As he is dressed in …