分词逻辑主语的用法特例(共四类)
分词逻辑主语的用法特例(共四类)
一般说来,分词作状语,它的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致,但事实上有少数例外的特殊情况。如:
1. 某些表示说话人态度的一些惯用分词表达,它们在用作状语时其逻辑主语可以与句子主语不一致。如:
Generally speaking children like to watch television. 一般说来,小孩子喜欢看电视。
Judging by the smell,the food must be good. 从香味上看,这菜一定很好吃。
2. 当句子含有先行主语it或there时,有时有作状语的分词短语可以与先行主语不一致:
Having so little time, there was not much that I could do. 由于时间很少,我能做的事很有限。
Being French, it’s surprising that she’s such a terrible cook. 她是法国人,但她做饭做得那么糟真是令人感到惊奇。
3. 当分词已转化为介词或连词,此时也无需考虑主语一致问题:
Supposing she doesn’t come, what shall we do? 要是她不来我们怎么办?(supposing为连词,意为“假若”)
Given the low price, I decided to buy it. 考虑到价格很低,我决定把它买下。(given为介词,意为“考虑到”)
Considering he's only been learning English a year he speaks it very well. 考虑到他学英语才一年,他英语讲得是很好的。(considering为连词,意为“考虑到”)
4. 当分词暗含的逻辑主语为表示泛指意义的one或you时,也无需考虑主语的一致性问题:
In doing such work, patience is needed. 做这种工作需要耐心。(=When one does such work, patience is needed.)
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