it用法的五类易错点

it用法的五类易错点

易错点一  混淆 it, its, it’s itself 的用法

从表面上看，it, its, itself 的区别是很明显的：it 是指示代词，its 是物主代词（或叫代词所有格），it’s 是it is或it has的缩略式，itself 是反身代词。但在实际应用中，许多同学却往往将它们混用，尤其是将 its 误用作 it’s，或是将 itself 为误用作 it。

【原创考题】根据句意和句子结构用所给词的适当形式（每空限一词）：

1. The police gave back a stolen watch to ______ (it) owner after they caught the thief. (D105)

2. Surprisingly, Susan’s beautiful hair reached below her knees and made ______ (it) almost an overcoat for her. (安徽卷)

解析：第1题填 its，its owner 指“被盗手表的主人”，不能用 it’s；第2题填 itself，因为根据英语语法，当动词的宾语与句子主语指同一人或同一事物时，用作宾语的代词应用反身代词，而不能用人称代词宾语。

易错点二  将形式主语（宾语）与指示代词混用

当句子主语是比较长的不定式、动名词或从句时，或当宾语后面接有宾语补足语且宾语是不定式、动名词或从句时，为避免“头重脚轻”，通常会把真正的主语或宾语移至句末，而在原主语或宾语位置使用形式主语或形式宾语。值得注意的是，形式主语或形式宾语只能用 it，不能代之以其他人称代词，这是许多同学经常弄混的地方。

【原创考题】根据句子句意和结构在空格处填上适当的词语（每空限一词）：

1. ______ is unbelievable that our boss leads a simple life despite his great wealth.

2. Susan made ______ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.

解析：第1题填 It，句中的 that 引导的是一个主语从句，句首应用形式主语 it，注意不能填人称代词he，否则无法分析 that 从句在句子中的作用；第2句填 it，句中 that 引导的是宾语从句，由于该结构过长，故被置于句末，故原宾语位置要用形式宾语it。

易错点三  不清楚it在强调句式中的用法特点

强调句式的基本结构是“it is (was) +被强调部分+that (who)+其他”。该句式的一个重要特点是 it is…that…属于功能词，与句子结构无关，在分析时可以撇开不看。许多同学在运用此类句式时最可能的出错之处是将 it is (was) 误写成 he is (was), she is (was), we are (were) 等。

【原创考题】根据句子句意和结构在空格处填上适当的词语（每空限一词）：

1. ______ doesn’t matter whether you win or lose—______ is taking part that’s important.

2. ______ was after he got what he had desired that he realized it was not so important.

解析：第1题分别填It和it，第一空的it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的whether从句；第二空填 it，这是强调句式，如果撇开功能词 it is…that…不看，该句的非强调形式为 Taking part is important。第2题填 It，本题也是强调句式，被强调部分为时间状语从句after he got what he had desired。

另外，强调句与其他句式的综合运用也是许多同学容易出错之处，如强调句式与 not…until…句式综合，强调句式与 not…but…句式综合，强调句式与 rather than 结构综合，等等。

【原创考题】根据句子句意和结构在空格处填上适当的词语（每空限一词）：

1. ______ is not who is right but what is right that is of importance.

2. ______ is the protection for the trees that really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.

3. ______ was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.

解析：第1题填It，本题考查强调句式与not…but…的综合；第2题填It，本题考查强调句式与 rather t than 的综合；第3题填It，本题考查强调句式与not…until…的综合。

易错点四  漏用like it when (if)类句式中的it

英语中表示“喜欢”和“不喜欢”的动词 appreciate, like, love, enjoy, prefer, hate, dislike 等，当后接if从句或when从句时，习惯上要在从句前加上it——这个it不仅不能省略，而且不能用 him, her, me, us, them 等宾格人称代词替换。

【原创考题】根据句子句意和结构在空格处填上适当的词语（每空限一词）：

1. I’d appreciate ______ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.

2. I dislike ______ when the people behind me at the cinema start whispering.

3. I can put up with the house being untidy, but I hate ______ if it’s not clean.

4. I don’t like ______ when you make free with my bike. You should at least ask when you want to borrow it.

解析：四道题均填 it，注意空格前的动词 appreciate, dislike, hate, like 以及空格后 if 和when 引导的从句。注意不要受从句主语的影响而误填 you, them 等代词。

易错点五  因未弄清固定搭配或特殊句式而用误用it

英语中含有it的固定搭配或特殊句式很多，但考纲中真正要求掌握的并不多。请做做以下试题，自测一下看看你对此掌握得怎么样！

【原创考题】根据句子句意和结构在空格处填上适当的词语（每空限一词）：

1. The train won’t leave for another ten minutes, so I think we can make ______.

2. If ______ were not for the fact that she can’t sing, I would invite her to the party.

3. ______ is the third time that she has won the race, which has surprised us all.

4. Fortunately ______ happened that there was no one in the house at the time of the explosion.

解析：第1题填 it，make it 为固定搭配，在此表示“及时赶上”；第2题填 it，If it were not for…为引出虚拟条件语气的固定句式，意思是“要不是因为……”；第3题填 It，本题考查 It is the first (second, third…) time that…句式；第4题填 it，本题考查 it happened that…（碰巧……）句式。

【原创模拟】根据句子句意和结构在空格处填上适当的词语（每空限一词）：

1. “Who’s that at the door?” “______ is the milkman.”

2. When ______ comes to speaking in public, no one can match him.

3. The story teaches us that history often repeat ______.

4. ______ was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, should bring me food.

5. Nowadays people find ______ convenient to be able to do their banking by phone.

6. Was ______ because Jack came late for school that Mr. Smith got angry?

7. The high cost of childcare made ______ impossible for mothers to return to work economically.

8. ______ happened, whether by accident or design, that Steve and I were the last two people to leave.

9. ______ was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.

10. I hate ______ when you’re left alone at a party with a complete stranger and you’ve got to make conversation.

参考答案：除第3题填 itself 外，其余均填 it（若位于首，则填It）。