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英语典型语法错误100例（6）

2017-09-14来源:和谐英语

英语典型语法错误100例（6）

51. 劳驾，能借个火吗?

误：Can you give me a fire, please?

正：Can you give me a light, please?

析：fire 表示“火”，主要指燃烧的火；表示火柴或打火机等的 “火”，英语用 light。

52. 据说他对她是一见钟情。

误：It’s said that he fell in love with her at the first time he saw her.

正：It’s said that he fell in love with her the first time he saw her.

析：the first time(第一次)在此用作连词，引导时间状语从句。此句也可改为：He fell in love with her when he saw her for the first time.

53. 起初我还以为他很腼腆，后来我才发觉他是不爱理人。

误：First I thought he was shy, but then I discovered he was just not interested in other people.

正：At first I thought he was shy, but then I discovered he was just not interested in other people.

析：比较 first 与 at first：前者意为“先……”，用来说明顺序，暗示接下去还有其它动作或事件要发生，因此其后往往接有(或暗示有)then, next, last 等词；而后者意为“起初”“开始”，它强调的是前后对照，暗示接下去的动作与前面的动作有所不同甚至相反，因此常有 but, afterwards, soon, at last等相呼应。比较：First my car broke down, then I lost my key: it never rains but it pours! 先是我的汽车出了故障，接着又丢了钥匙，真是祸不单行! / At first things went well, but later on we ran into trouble. 起初事情进展得很顺利，但后来我们遇到了困难。

54. 许多年轻人都喜欢听流行音乐。

误：Many young people are fond to listen to pop music.

正：Many young people are fond of listening to pop music.

析：表示喜欢做某事，通常用 be fond of doing sth，而不用 be fond to do sth。

55. 他们原谅了他的鲁莽。

误：They forgave him to be rude.

正：They forgave his being rude.

正：They forgave (him) his rudeness.

正：They forgave him for being rude.(www.hxen.net)

析：forgive(原谅)之后可以接名词或代词作宾语，也可以接双宾语，还可以接动名词(通常有逻辑主语)以及用于 forgive sb for doing sth 等，但是它通常不接不定式的复合结构。

56. 他用惊恐的眼神看着他周围的每一个人。

误：He stared at everyone around him with frightening eyes.

正：He stared at everyone around him with frightened eyes.

析：比较 frightening 与 frightened：前者指“令人害怕的”，后者指“感到害怕的”。比较：frightened eyes 惊恐的眼神。frightening eyes 吓人的眼神。The man was frightened. 这个人很害怕(即被吓住了)。The man was frightening. 这个人很恐怖(好像要伤人似的)。

57. 这个假日过得真没意思，我们还不如呆在家里。

误：This holiday isn’t very funny; we might as well be back home.

正：This holiday isn’t much fun; we might as well be back home.

析：虽然有的词典将 funny 的词义注为“有趣的”，但它的实际意思其实是 amusing, causing laughter，即它所表示的有趣实际上是一种滑稽可笑的有趣，如：a funny story 一个滑稽可笑的故事。由此可见，上例中用 funny 显然不合原意。

58. 十八世纪是小说的黄金时期。

误：The 18th century was the gold age of the novel.

正：The 18th century was the golden age of the novel.

析：gold 和 golden用于名词作定语时的原则区别是：gold 主要表示“金质的”，也可表示 “金色的”。但当用于比喻义表示“宝贵的”“黄金般的”等义时，习惯上要用 golden。

59. 我知道他一点也不满意。

误：I know that he didn’t satisfy at all.

正：I know that he wasn’t satisfied at all.(http://ask.hxen.net/)

析：在现代英语中，satisfy只用作及物动词，其意不是“满意”而是“使(人)满意”，所以其后不能没有宾语，除非是被动语态(或是系表结构)。