英语典型语法错误100例(1)

初中英语典型错误100例(1)

1. 老师对我很生气。

误：The teacher was angry to me.

正：The teacher was angry with me.

析：表示对某人生气，一般用介词 with (有时也用 at)。 表示对某事(物)生气，通常用介词 at, about(在美国英语中也可以用 with)。

2. 你寄出的信有回音没有?

误：Have you had an answer of your letter?

正：Have you had an answer to your letter?

析：表示“对……的回答(答复)”，其后通常接介词 to。类似地，要表示“……的答案”，其后也接介词to：the answer to the exercises 练习答案

3. 湖面结冰了，所以我们就从冰上走过。

误：The lake was frozen, so we walked through the ice.

正：The lake was frozen, so we walked across the ice.

析：across 和 through 都可表示从一边到另一边的意思，但前者主要涉及平面(与on有关)，而后者则主要涉及立体空间(与 in 有关)。

4. 他不愿接受我的建议。

误：He wouldn’t get my advice.

正：He wouldn’t take (follow, accept) my advice.

析：表示接受意见或忠告，通常用动词 take, follow, accept, act on 等，但不能用 get。另外：提出建议或忠告，通常用动词 give；表示向某人请教或征求意见，一般用动词 ask (for)。

5. “你自己能修吗?”“恐怕不行。”

误：“Can you repair it yourself?” “I’m not afraid.”

正：“Can you repair it yourself?” “I’m afraid not.”

析：比较：I’m not afraid. 意为“我不怕”；I’m afraid not. 意为“恐怕不行”“恐怕不会”“恐怕不是”等(表示委婉的否定)。

6. 读罢此信，他哭了。

误：After reading the letter, tears ran down his cheeks.

正：After he read the letter, tears ran down his cheeks.

正：After reading the letter, he burst into tears.

析：after引导动名词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子主语保持一致。

7. 我们班又有五个学生入了团。

误：Five students in our class joined the League again.

正：Five more students in our class joined the League.

正：Another five students in our class joined the League.

析：again 表示“又”“再”，指动作的反复；more 或 another表示“再”“又”，指数量在原有基础上的增加。若以上误句要视为正句，则表示：我们班有五位同学又入了一次团，即第二次入团。

8. 她入党有十年了。

误：It is ten years ago since she joined the Party.

正：It is ten years since she joined the Party.

正：She joined the Party ten years ago.

析：“It is + 一段时间 + since...”是一句型，意为“……有一段时间了”，注意不要在该结构的 since 前用 ago。

9. 他们同意我做这事。

误：They agreed me to do it.

正：They agreed to let me do it. / They agreed to my doing it.

析：不要按汉语习惯用 agree sb to do sth 来表示“同意某人做某事”，要表达此意，需改用其他结构。

10. 要是他这样说，那他就是个骗子。

误：If he said so, and he is a liar.

正：If he said so, he is a liar.

析：if 引导的是条件状语从句，后面的句子为主句，其前不能用并列连词 and(否则全句为并列句)。