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英语典型语法错误100例(1)

2017-09-14来源:和谐英语

初中英语典型错误100例(1)

 

1. 老师对我很生气。

误:The teacher was angry to me.

正:The teacher was angry with me.

析:表示对某人生气,一般用介词 with (有时也用 at)。 表示对某事(物)生气,通常用介词 at, about(在美国英语中也可以用 with)。

2. 你寄出的信有回音没有?

误:Have you had an answer of your letter?

正:Have you had an answer to your letter?

析:表示“对……的回答(答复)”,其后通常接介词 to。类似地,要表示“……的答案”,其后也接介词to:the answer to the exercises 练习答案

3. 湖面结冰了,所以我们就从冰上走过。

误:The lake was frozen, so we walked through the ice.

正:The lake was frozen, so we walked across the ice.

析:across 和 through 都可表示从一边到另一边的意思,但前者主要涉及平面(与on有关),而后者则主要涉及立体空间(与 in 有关)。

4. 他不愿接受我的建议。

误:He wouldn’t get my advice.

正:He wouldn’t take (follow, accept) my advice.

析:表示接受意见或忠告,通常用动词 take, follow, accept, act on 等,但不能用 get。另外:提出建议或忠告,通常用动词 give;表示向某人请教或征求意见,一般用动词 ask (for)。

5. “你自己能修吗?”“恐怕不行。”

误:“Can you repair it yourself?” “I’m not afraid.”

正:“Can you repair it yourself?” “I’m afraid not.”

析:比较:I’m not afraid. 意为“我不怕”;I’m afraid not. 意为“恐怕不行”“恐怕不会”“恐怕不是”等(表示委婉的否定)。

6. 读罢此信,他哭了。

误:After reading the letter, tears ran down his cheeks.

正:After he read the letter, tears ran down his cheeks.

正:After reading the letter, he burst into tears.

析:after引导动名词作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句子主语保持一致。

7. 我们班又有五个学生入了团。

误:Five students in our class joined the League again.

正:Five more students in our class joined the League.

正:Another five students in our class joined the League.

析:again 表示“又”“再”,指动作的反复;more 或 another表示“再”“又”,指数量在原有基础上的增加。若以上误句要视为正句,则表示:我们班有五位同学又入了一次团,即第二次入团。

8. 她入党有十年了。

误:It is ten years ago since she joined the Party.

正:It is ten years since she joined the Party.

正:She joined the Party ten years ago.

析:“It is + 一段时间 + since...”是一句型,意为“……有一段时间了”,注意不要在该结构的 since 前用 ago。

9. 他们同意我做这事。

误:They agreed me to do it.

正:They agreed to let me do it. / They agreed to my doing it.

析:不要按汉语习惯用 agree sb to do sth 来表示“同意某人做某事”,要表达此意,需改用其他结构。

10. 要是他这样说,那他就是个骗子。

误:If he said so, and he is a liar.

正:If he said so, he is a liar.

析:if 引导的是条件状语从句,后面的句子为主句,其前不能用并列连词 and(否则全句为并列句)。