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名师详解语法易错题(08)

2017-09-18来源:和谐英语

 

 

请做以下类似试题:

(1) We must _________ the people heart and soul.

A. serve                    B. serve for               C. serve to                D. serve on

答案选A,serve 意为“为……服务”,可直接用作及物动词,其后不能按汉语意思误加介词 for。

(2) I _________ you yesterday, but you weren’t in.

A. rang                     B. rang to                 C. rang with              D. rang to

答案选A,ring 可以用作及物动词,表示“给……打电话”,故其后不用介词。

(3) How can I _________ you?

A. contact                 B. contact with          C. contact to             D. contact for

答案选A,contact 为及物动词,表示“与……联系”,其后不接介词。

 

4. There are five pairs _________, but I’m at a loss which to buy.

A. to be chosen        B. to choose from     C. to choose             D. for choosing

【分析】此题容易误选C,其实应选B。choose 表示“选择”,其实是指“选择出来”(pick out),而不是指“从……选择”,要表示后者的意思,要用 choose from,有时也用 choose among。同样地,下面两例中的介词 from 也不可省略:

Here are some books for you choose from. 这些书可供你选择。

There are too many cakes to choose from. 蛋糕太多了,不知要选哪个好。

比较:

He didn’t know what to choose. 他不知道选什么。

He didn’t know what to choose from. 他不知道从哪儿去选。

 

5. They kept trying _________ they must have known it was hopeless.

A. if                         B. because               C. when                   D. where

【分析】此题最佳答案为C,when 在此的意思不是“当……的时候”,而是“尽管”、“虽然”的意思。又如:

He walks when he might take a taxi. 尽管他可以坐出租车,但他却走路。

He stopped trying when he might have succeeded next time. 尽管他本来下次就可以成功的了,但他却停止努力了。

The boy was restless when he should have listened to the teacher carefully. 这男孩子本来应该专心听老师讲的,但他却坐立不安。(www.hxen.net)

有许多同学只知道 when 表示“当……的时候”,而不知道它还有其他许多意思,除上面提到的表示“尽管”、“虽然”外,when 还可表示“既然”、“考虑到”。如:

Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already? 既然你有了这么好一份工作,你为什么还要找新的工作呢?

 

6. I _________ him not to go abroad, but he wouldn’t listen.

A. persuaded            B. tried to persuade  C. have persuaded  D. was persuaded

【分析】此题正确答案为B,但容易误选A。persuade 的真正意思是“说服”,而不是“设法说服”,要表示后者的意思英语应用 try to persuade (当然也可用其他词,如 advise 等)。类似地:kill 的意思是“杀死”,不表示“设法杀死”,要表示后者的意思英语用 try to kill;prevent 的意思是“阻止”,不表示“设法阻止”,要表示后者的意思英语用 try to prevent。

 

7. _________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

A. Found                  B. Founded              C. Founding             D. Being founded

【分析】此题应选B,但容易误选A。比较:find 意为“发现”,其过去式和过去分词均为 found;found意为“建立”,其过去式和过去分词均为 founded。