重点中学英语语法讲义-主谓一致

3. 由as well as, as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等连接的并连主语

谓语动词通常与前面一个主语保持一致：

The teacher as well as the students has read it 不仅学生读过它，老师也读过。

The teacher rather than the students is to blame. 应受责备的是老师而不是学生。

五、数量概念作主语时的主语一致问题

1. 表时间长度、钱数、速度等的词组作主语

通常将其视为整体，谓语用单数：

Twenty years is a long time. 20年是很长的时间。

Ten dollars is all I have left. 我只剩下10美元。

2. 分数(百分数)作主语

“分数(百分数)+of+名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的数与其中名词的数保持一致：

About 30 percent of the pupils were absent that day. 那天大约有30%的学生迟到。

Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海。

注：在现代英语中，有时即使该结构中的名词为复数，其谓语也可用单数(即将其视为整体)：

Over sixty per cent of families own [owns] a television. 百分之六十以上的家庭已拥有电视机。

3.“one in [out of]+复数名词”作主语

谓语动词通常用单数：

Only one in ten students has passed the examination. 只有十分之一的学生通过了考试。

One out of twelve bottles was broken. 每12个瓶子中有一个破了。

注：在非正式文体中有时也用复数谓语：

Nationwide, one in five adults are illiterate. 就全国范围而言，五个成年人中有一个是文盲。

5.“all of (some of, none of, half of, most of, lots of, plenty of)+名词”作主语

谓语动词的数与其中名词的数保持一致：

Most of the people are against the plan. 大多数人反对这个计划。

Most of the Earth’s surface is covered by water. 地球的大部分地区被水覆盖。

Half of the apple is bad. 这个苹果有一半是坏的。

Half of the apples are bad. 这些苹果当中有一半是坏的。

6.“one and a half＋复数名词”与“a＋单数名词＋and a half”作主语

国内不少书认为，这两个结构作主语，谓语均用单数：

One and a half months has passed. / A month and a half has passed. 已经过去了一个半月。

但是，国外一些词书则认为，谓语动词的数取决于这两个结构中名词的数：

One and a half months have passed. / A month and a half has passed. 已经过去了一个半月。

7.“the [a] number of+名词”作主语

该结构若用定冠词，其后谓语用单数；若用不定冠词，其后谓语用复数：

The number of students is 4000. 学生人数为4000。

A number of people were absent from the meeting. 许多人开会缺席。

注意类似结构：

The variety of goods in this shop is rich. 这家商店的品种丰富。

A variety of books have been published. 已出版了各种各样的书。

.

六、某些不定代词作主语时的主谓一致问题

1. someone, anyone, no one 等作主语

Someone, anyone, no one, everyone, something, nothing等复合不定代词作语，谓语动词用单数：

Someone is asking to see you. 有人找你。

Nobody is to blame for it. 这谁也不怨。

No one wants to read such books. 没有想看那样的书。