英语语法重点、考点与难点(03)

3. 乐器名词前一定要加定冠词吗

He loves playing ____ piano, but he hasn’t got ____ piano of his own.

A. the, the               B. the, a                   C. a, the                  D. a, a

此题应选B。容易误选A。有不少考生认为乐器名词前一定要用定冠词。如：

She plays the piano very well. 她钢琴弹得好。

She studies the piano under Mr Smith. 她在史密斯先生的指导下学习钢琴。

He practised (on) the piano every day. 他每天练习钢琴。

以上各句均正确, 并且其前的定冠词通常不能省略(因为其中的piano指的不是钢琴这个实体, 而是指钢琴演奏、钢琴理论、钢琴技巧等抽象意义)。 但是以下各例则没有用定冠词(因为其中的piano指的是钢琴这个实体)：

He has two pianos. 他有两部钢琴。

He bought a piano for her. 他给她买了部钢琴。

注意, 球类运动名词也有类似特点：

1. 表示球类活动时, 不用冠词(也不用复数)：

He plays basketball every day. 他每天打蓝球。

He is good at volleyball. 他排球打得好。

2. 表示球类实体时, 可用冠词(也可用复数)：

Did you see a football in the classrooom thismorning? 今天早上你在教室里看见足球了吗?

There are some basketballs in the corner. 角落里有几个蓝球。

4. 物质名词和抽象名词前何时用或不用冠词

The teacher said ____ snow is white, but ____ snow on the road is red. Why?

A. the, the               B. ×, ×                     C. the, ×                  D. ×, the

此题应选D, 容易误选B, 误认为：snow是物质名词, 其前永远不用冠词。

在通常情况下, 物质名词和抽象名词在表示一般概念(即泛指)时, 不用冠词(即使有描绘性定语修饰也不用冠词)。但是如果物质名词和抽象名词不是表示一般概念，而是表示某一特定内容(尤其是有一限定性定语修饰)时，或当它们表示“一种”、“一场”、“一份”等意思时，则可以加冠词。试做以下试题：

(1) I like to eat ___ fish, but ___ fish I ate lastnight made me sick.

A. the;the                  B. ×;×                       C. the;×                    D. ×;the

(2) ____ air is necessary to life, but ____ airaround here is not fresh.

A. the;the                  B. ×;×                       C. the;×                    D. ×;the

(3) A：Do you like to listen to _____ music?

B：It all depends. In fact I only like ___ music by Mozart.

A. the;the                  B. ×;×                       C. the;×                    D. ×;the

(4) A：He has no sense of ___ humour.

B：No, you didn't catch __ humour in his remark.

A. the;the                  B. ×;×                       C. the;×                    D. ×;the

答案：1. D 2. D 3. D 4. D