中考英语语法完全突破——代词

 

 

陷阱5  误解反身代词用作表语的用法

反身代词在be, feel, look, seem等系动词后作表语，表示身体或精神状态处于正常。如：

I’m not quite myself these days. 我近来身体不大舒服。

I’ll be myself again in no time. 我过一会儿就会好的。

I don’t know what’s the matter with me. I’m not myself today. 我不知道怎么啦。今天我感觉不舒服。

陷阱6  误用相互代词作主语

相互代词通常只用作宾语，不用作主语，所以对于以相互代词作宾语的句子通常不能变为被动语态。另外，不仅each other 和one another不能用作主语，而且如果一个名词一旦受到each other’s, one another’s修饰语，那么它不能用作主语。如：

他们寄给对方的信都及时送到了。

误：Each other’s letters arrived in time.

正：Their letters to each other arrived in time.

 

四、即学即练

选择最佳答案填空：

1. His MP3 is the same as ________, but it is more expensive.

A. him                   B. mine                  C. my                     D. her

2. Is there any difference between your idea and ________?

A. he                     B. his                     C. she                    D. her

3. —Are the keys over there ________?

—No, Go and ask Anna. They may belong to her.

A. you                   B. your                   C. yours                 D. yourself

4. —What a nice MP5! Whose is it?

—It’s ________. My father bought it for me.

A. me                    B. him                    C. his                     D. mine

5. —Lucy’s skirt is black. What about ________?

—Mine is white.

A. you                   B. your                   C. yours                 D. mine

 

 

 

6. —Bob! Is this your dictionary?

—No, it isn’t. Ask Sally. She is looking for ________.

A. his                    B. hers                   C. mine                  D. yours

7. —Who is the best friend of ________ at school?  

—I think Helen is. We often help each other.

A. mine                 B. his                     C. yours                 D. hers

8. —Betty, help ________ to some soup.

—Thanks a lot.

A. you                   B. your                   C. yourself            D. yours

9. College students are old enough to teach ________.

A. them                 B. their                   C. themselves      D. they

10. ________ knows Elvis. He’s really famous.

A. Nobody            B. Everybody        C. Somebody       D. All

11. —I’m leaving for the exam. Bye-bye, Mum.

—Well, make sure you’ve got ________ ready.

A. something       B. anything           C. everything        D. nothing

12. —Have you found your lost mobile phone? 

—No, I haven’t found ________, but I bought ________ this morning.

A. one; that          B. that; one           C. it; one                D. one; it

13. —Look! What’s ________ in the sky?

—It looks like a kite. (www.hxen.net)

A. this                   B. that                    C. those                 D. these

14. —How heavily it rained this early morning!

—Yes. But ________ of the students in our class was late for school.

A. some                B. none                 C. all                  D. no one

15. —The books are so nice, which one can I take?

—Oh, you can take ________ of them. I’ll keep none.

A. both                  B. all                       C. neither              D. either

16. The doctor advised Elsa strongly that she should take a good rest, but ________ didn’t help.

A. she                   B. it                         C. which                D. he

17. —Where would you like to go, Jinan or Qufu?

—________. I only want to go to Qingdao.

A. Neither             B. Either                C. Each                 D. All

18. Sam looks like his Dad. They are ________ tall.

A. either                B. any                    C. all                      D. both

19. —Which of the two T-shirts will you take?

—I’ll take ________, one for my brother, the other for myself.

A. either                B. neither              C. all                      D. both

20. —Would you like some coffee or tea?

—________. Water is OK.

A. Both                 B. Either                C. Neither             D. All

21. If you can’t decide which of the two novels to borrow, why don’t you take ________? I won’t read them this month.

A. both                  B. all                       C. any                    D. either

22. —Are Jim and Bob playing outside?

—________. They are doing their homework in the study.

A. Either               B. Both                  C. Neither             D. None

23. He has several books on the desk, but ________ of them is on history.

A. none                B. neither              C. all                      D. both

24. —Which would you like, Coke or tea?

—________. I prefer coffee.

A. Neither             B. Both                  C. Either                D. None

25.—Do you know Yao Ming and Yi Jianlian?

—Yes, they are ________ basketball players from NBA.

A. all                      B. both                   C. neither

 

 

 

26. If the question ________ incorrectly, ________ question will be given to you.

A. is answered, other                        B. answers, other

C. is answered, another                   D. answers, another

27. My sister has two skirts. One is yellow, ________ is black.

A. other                 B. another             C. others               D. the other

28. —I’m sorry for breaking your pen.

—Never mind. I have ________ one.

A. another            B. other                  C. others               D. the others

29. —Is Miss White ________ English teacher, Maria?

—No, she teaches ________ geography. (www.hxen.net)

A. your; my           B. you; mine         C. you; us             D. your; us

30. —Hi, Kitty. I have passed ________ exams!

—Oh, congratulations! I hope my sister has also passed ________.

A. my, her             B. mine, her          C. my, hers            D. mine, hers

【答案点拨】

1. 答案选B。此处的mine相当于my MP3。

2. 答案选B。his在此相当于his idea。注意：his既是形容词性物主代词，也是名词性物主代词。

3. 答案选C。yours在句中用作表语，句意为：那边的那些钥匙是你的吗？

4. 答案选D。根据空格后的My father bought it for me（我父亲为我买的）可知，答案为D。

5. 答案选C。根据答语Mine is white（我的是白色的）可知，问句中应该填一个表示“你的”词，故答案可锁定在B和C之间，而your后面必须修饰名词，在此不合适，故只能选C。

6. 答案选B。hers在此相当于her dictionary。

7. 答案选C。根据答语中的we often help each other可知，空格处应填yours，这样句意才通顺。

8. 答案选C。help oneself to sth为请人吃东西的客套表达，其意为“请吃……”。又如：Help yourself to more meat. 你再多吃一点肉。Please help yourself to some tea. 请你自己用茶。

9. 答案选C。teach oneself为固定搭配，意为“自学”。又如：I taught myself to type. 我自学了打字。He taught himself English when young. 他年轻时英语自学成才。

10. 答案选B。根据常识可知，一个人出名后，知道的人都会多，所以空格处应填everybody。注意不能选D，因为all作主语时，其后谓语动词要用复数。

11. 答案选C。根据常识可知答案应为everything。这里是指母亲告诫儿子不要忘了带所需要的东西。

12. 答案选C。此题考查it与one的区别：it表特指，即特指前面提到过的事物；one表泛指，指与前面所提到人或事物相似的一个。根据句意，第一空应填it，用于指代my mobile phone；第二空填one，用于代替a mobile phone。

13. 答案选B。根据答语中的it可知，问句中的代词应为单数，不能是复数；再根据句中的in the sky可知，空格处应填一个表远指的代词，故选that。

14. 答案选B。根据句中的单数谓语动词was可知，空格处不能填some或all，因为它们要求与复数谓语动词连用；而no one后面不能接跟of短语，所以只能只选B。

15. 答案选B。根据句中的I’ll keep none（我一本也不要）可知，第一空应填all。

16. 答案选B。it在此用于指代前面提到的情况。

17. 答案选A。因供选择的东西只有coffee和orange juice两样，故不能选指三者的all，即排除D；再根据空格后的I only want to go to Qingdao（我只想去青岛）可知，说话者既不想去Jinan，也不想去Qufu，而是想去Qingdao，这说明第一空只能填A。neither在此表示“两者都不”。

18. 答案选D。由于句子只涉及Sam和his Dad两个人，故不能选表示三者的any和all；再根据句意，空格处应填both，指“两者都”。

19. 答案选D。根据空格后的one for my brother, the other for myself（一件给我弟弟，另一件给我自己）可知，说话者两件T-shirt都会买，故选D。

20. 答案选C。问话人提供的选项是coffee和tea，但答话人选的是既不是coffee也不是tea，而是water，说明答话人对问话人提供的两者都不喜欢，由此可知空格处应填否定两者的neither。

21. 答案选A。根据前文中的the two novels可知，选项中用于指三者或多者的all和any应排除。再根据I won’t read them this month（这个月我不会看它们）可知，空格处应填both。

22. 答案选C。根据空格后的句子可知，两个人都在书房做作业，说明他们不在外面玩，所以空格处应填neither。

23. 答案选A。根据上文的several可知，选项中表示两者的neither和both首先可以排除；再根据转折连词but可知，空格处应填none。另外，也可根据空格后的单数谓语确定答案为A，因为，如果选C的话，其后应用复数动词。

24. 答案选A。问话人提供的选项是Coke和tea，但答话人选的是既不是Coke也不是tea，而是coffee，说明答话人对问话人提供的两者都不喜欢，由此可知空格处应填否定两者的neither (www.hxen.net)。

25. 答案选B。由于前文提到的是两个人，故首先应排除表示三者或多者的all；再根据句意，空格处应填表示肯定意义的both。

26. 答案选C。因为“问题”只能被人回答，故第一空应填空被动语态，可排除B和D；指不确定的另外一个，用anther，不用other，故选C。

27. 答案选D。特指两者中的另一者，要用the other。

28. 答案选A。another在此表示“另外一支”。注意不能选C，因为others后不能再接名词。

29. 答案选D。第一空填物主代词your，用于修饰名词English teacher；第二空填us，此处的动词teach后接双宾语，即teach sb sth。

30. 答案选C。第一空应填形容词性物主代司，因为其后有名词exams，即填my；第二空应填名词性物主代词，因为其后没有被修饰的名词，即填hers。