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名师详解语法易错题(01)

2017-09-19来源:和谐英语

 

 

14. He said he would never forget the day _________ he spent with his girlfriend in the country.

A. that                     B. when                   C. how                     D. where

【分析】此题容易误选 B,有不少学生总是机械地认为:时间名词后用关系副词when,地点名词后用关系副词 where。其实时间名词和地点名词后既可能用关系副词也可能用关系代词,主要看它们在定语从句中充当什么句子成分,原则上说:作主语或宾语,用关系代词;作状语,用关系副词。此题从句中的 spent 缺宾语,故应用关系代词(that),而不能用关系副词,即此题应选 A。比较:

(1) This is the factory _________ I worked 10 years ago. (选A)

(2) This is the factory _________ I worked in 10 years ago. (选B)

A. where                  B. that                      C. what                    D. why

 

15. She may have missed the train, in _________ case she won’t arrive for another hour.

A. whose                  B. that                     C. which                  D. what

【分析】此题容易误选 A,因为不少学生认为在定语从句中能用作定语的关系代词只有 whose。其实除 whose 可用作定语外,which 也可用作定语,只是含义上有差别:在此情况下,whose 的意思相当于 one’s,而 which 的意思则相当于 that 或 this。比较:

(1) This is Mary, whose [= and her] father we met last week.

(2) Call again at 11, by which time [= and by that time] the meeting should be over.

注:若上面一题中的逗号前有连词 and,也可选 B(that)。

 

16. Sophia was dressed like an actress, _________ she was not.

A. that                     B. which                   C. who                     D. it

【分析】此题很容易误选 C,因为许多学生认为指人时总是用 who,不能用 which,选项 A(that)虽然也能指人,但这是非限制性定语从句,也不能用。其实此题应选 B(which),因为这里的 which 指的其实不是具体的某个人,而是指一个人的特征或属性,此时不能用 who。

 

17. According to the rules, students must not _________ their books during examinations.(www.hxen.net)

A. read                    B. watch                   C. notice                  D. look at

【分析】此题容易误选A,因为许多学生牢牢地记住了:看书看报用 read,看电视用watch,看电影用see,看比赛用watch,看黑板用look at,等等。以上说法并没有错,但问题是,以上句子有其特殊性。一般说来,汉语的“看书”至少有两层意思,一是指阅读性地看书,即看书=读书,此时通常用动词read;另一种看书则不是指阅读性地看书,而只是大概地翻一翻或看一看,比如看看书的封面、定价、内容提要等,或者回答问题时看看书的某些章节或字句以及考试时偷看书本等等,此时通常都不宜用动词read,而应根据情况选用其他动词(如 look at)。又如:Let me have a look at the book (让我看看或翻翻这本书),Please answer my questions without looking at your books (请不看书回答我的问题)。