和谐英语

您现在的位置是:首页 > 英语语法 > 语法教学

正文

do sb (a)…用法归纳

2009-08-21来源:和谐英语

do sb (a)…用法归纳

一、do sb a favour

该结构表示“帮助某人”,也可说成do a favour for sb,注意其中有不定冠词。如:

Would you do me a favour please? 请你帮我个忙,好吗?

He is always ready to do a favour for his classmates. 他总是乐于帮助同学。

以下各句均可表示“劳驾请把窗户打开”。注意,当 favour 后有定语修饰时,其前习惯上要用定冠词:

Do me a favour and open the window.

Do me a favour by opening the window.

Do me a favour—open the window, please.

Do me the favour to open the window.

Do me the favour of opening the window.

二、do sb good

该结构表示“对某人有益或有好处”,其中的 good 为不可数名词。如:

Exercise will do you good. 运动对你会有好处。

Eat more fruit—it will do you good. 多吃水果,这对你有好处。

A week’s vacation will do you a lot of good. 休一周的假对你有很多益处。

Go on with the treatment. It is doing you good. 你要继续进行这种疗法。它对你是有效的。

三、do sb harm

该结构表示“对某人有害”,其中的 harm 为不可数名词。如:

Smoking does harm to your health. 吸烟对你的身体有害。

A few late nights never did anyone any harm. 熬几个晚上的夜对人绝无害处。

Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。

注:也可说成 do harm to sb。如:

Such books do great harm to young people.=Such books do young people great harm. 那样的书对年青人危害很大。

四、do sb honour

该结构也可说成do honour to sb,它有以下两个方面的意思:

1. 对某人表示敬意或纪念。如:

They did honour to the dead. 他们向死者致敬。

2. 给某人带来荣誉或使某人受到尊敬。如:

His contributions to science do honour to our country. 他在科学上的贡献为祖国增了光。

We attended his birthday party to do him honour. /We attended his birthday party to do honour to him. 我们参加了他的生日晚会以表示对他的敬意。

注意:do sb the honour of doing [to do] sth 的意思是“给某人面子做某事”“给某人做某事的荣幸”。如:

Would you do me the honour of dancing with me?=Would you do me the honour to dance with me? 能请你跳曲舞吗?

五、do sb a kindness

该结构表示“好心地为某人做某事”“帮某人的忙”,其中的 kindness 为可数名词。如:

Will you do me a kindness? 你愿帮我个忙吗?

He has done me many kindnesses. 他帮了我不少忙。

六、do sb a service

该结构表示“帮某人的忙”,注意其中有不定冠词。如:

Will you do me a service? 帮我个忙好吗?

You did me a great service by telling me the truth. 你把实情告诉我,这对我很有好处。

七、do sb wrong

该结构表示“冤枉某人”“冤屈某人”,wrong 前通常不用冠词,但若有形容词修饰,也可用不定冠词修饰。如:

You did me wrong. 你冤枉我了。

He did her a terrible wrong. 他真的是太冤屈她了。