涉及插入成分的易错题分析
涉及插入成分的易错题分析
这里所说的插入成分指的是在一个正常的句子中,置入一个其他成分,或将某些成分从正常位置调入一个在同学们看来属“非正常”的位置(如宾语从句前置等),则很有可能给同学们的理解带来困难(尤其是阅读能力不是很好的同学会更感困难)。请看:
1. His sister, as far as I know, ______ like to play music.
A. seems B. appears C. feels D. does
解析:答案选D,但A、B、C均可能被误选。as far as I know为插入语,去掉插入语后,我们可以判定like为动词,seem,appear和feel与动词like连用时中间要加to, 故排除A、B、C三项。此处选D,第三人称单数用does表示强调,题干意思为“据我所知,他姐姐确实喜欢演奏音乐”。
2. John plays football ______, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
解析:答案选B。此句的正常结构是这样的:John plays football as well as David, if he doesn’t play football better than David. 由于命题者将其后的状语从句移至句中,且将其省略成 if not better than,不少学生(尤其是一些阅读能力较差的学生)对这个句子的分析感到无从下手,从而导致误选。
3.—How long do you suppose it is______ he arrived here?
—About half an hour.
A. when B. before C. after D. since
解析:答案选D,但容易误选A。把do you suppose看作插入语,去掉后观察主句和从句的时态可以看出从句用的是一般过去时,而主语用的是一般现在时,所以只能用since引导时间状语从句。题干意思为“你认为他来到这里有多长时间了?”
4. A news report is usually short, except when it is about something very important, ______ it contains a lot of information.
A. and B. but C. then D. so
解析:答案选B,但容易选A或D。句中插入成分except when it is about something very important很容易干扰同学们的分析思路。去掉这部分,句意就非常明白了,前后存在转折关系,故用并列连词but。题干主干结构的意思为“新闻报道很短,但却包含了很多的信息”。
5. Everything he ______ away from him before he returned to his hometown.
A. took B. had been taken
C. had had been taken D. had taken
解析:答案选C,但容易误选B或D。句中的he had是定语从句,修饰everything。去掉后可以看出主句的谓语动词应用被动语态,题干意思为“在他回到家乡之前,他拥有的一切东西都被人剥夺了”,因主句的动作发生在时间状语从句的动作之前,主句谓语动词需用过去完成时态。
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