with的用法与考点

 

With的用法与考点

 

一、基础用法

1.与…一起，带着

I live with my parents. 我和父母住在一起。

Who was that with you? (刚才)和你在一起的是谁？

2.具有，持有，随身带着

We bought a house with a garden. 我们买了一座带花园的房子。

He is a man with a hot temper. 他是一个脾气暴躁的人。

3.以，用：She covered her ears with her pillow. 她用枕头盖住耳朵。

The teacher tested the students with many questions. 老师以许多问题测验学生。

4.符合，与…一致

Which dress goes better with these shoes. 哪一件衣服较配这双鞋？

5.伴随，随着

We had coffee with cake. 我们喝咖啡，吃蛋糕。

Times has changed, so we need to change with them. 时代改变了，所以我们需要随时代而改变。

6.为…，因…而

My mother is in bed with a bad cold. 我妈因重感冒卧病在床。

He is tired with work. 他工作做累了。

The baby was crying with hunger. 婴儿在哭，因为他饿了。

7.尽管，虽然

With all his money, he is unhappy. 尽管他有钱，他并不快乐。

With all her faults, I like her. 尽管她有种种缺点，我还是喜欢她。

8.若是，如果

With your permission, I’ll go. 如蒙你同意我就去。

With more money I would be able to buy it. 钱多一点的话，我就买得起。

9.对，关于，就…而言：She is very angry with you. 她对你很生气。

It’s the same with us students. 我们学生也是这样。

Everything was going well with them. 他们一切都进行得很好。

二、用法提示

1.表示方式、手段或工具等时(=以，用)，注意不要受汉语意思的影响而搭配错误，如“用英语”习惯上用in English，而不是with English。

2.与某些抽象名词连用其作用相当于一个副词：

with care=carefully 认真地

with kindness=kindly 亲切地

ght-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal>with joy=joyfully 高兴地

with pleasure=pleasedly 高兴地

with anger=angrily 生气地

with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲伤地

with ease=easily 容易地

with delight=delightedly 高兴地

with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地

3.表示条件时，根据情况可与虚拟语气连用：

With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是钱多一点，我就买得起了。

With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是设备好些,我们完成这项工作还要快些。

4.比较 with 和 as：两者均可表示“随着”，但前者是介词，后者是连词，不可混淆：

He will improve as he grows older. 随着年龄的增长，他会进步的。

People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 时代变了，人们的观念也会变化。

5.介词 with 和 to均可表示“对”，但各自的搭配不同，注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错，如在 kind, polite, rude, good, married 等形容词后通常不接介词 with而接to。

6.复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构，它在句中主要用作状语，表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等；其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等：

I went out with the windows open. 我外出时没有关窗户。

He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。

He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。

He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。

The old man sat there with a basket beside her. 老人坐在那儿，身边放着一个篮子。

He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。

He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。

I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。这类结构也常用于名词后作定语：

The boy with nothing on is her son. 没穿衣服的这个男孩子是她儿子。

 

三、高频归纳

A. 考查with的基本用法

用适当的介词填空：

1. A family ______ two children lives next door.

2. She shares a house ______ three other nurses.

3. She hit him ______ a rolled-up magazine.

4. Thanks for coming ______ me. I'm really grateful.

5. Just compare the one that has been cleaned ______ the others.

6. Howard walked in ______ two men I’d never seen before.

答案均填with。句意分别为：

1. 带有两个孩子的一家人住在隔壁。

2. 她和另外3 名护士合住一座房子。

3. 她把杂志卷起来打他。

4. 谢谢你和我一起来。真的很感激。

5. 只要把清洗过的这个和其他的比较一下。

6. 霍华德和两个我以前从未见过面的男人一起走了进来。

B. 考查with的引出虚拟语气

用所给动词的适当形式填空：

1. He said that the school _____ (make) better use of the money with a little forward thinking.

2. With a little more forethought we _____ (bring) the house we really wanted.

3. I _____ (become) a dangerous man with all that stubbornness and obstinacy built into me.

答案与解析：

1. with表示虚拟条件，时间为过去，故填would have made。句意：他说，学校如果有点儿远见的话，那笔钱本来可以利用得更好。

2. with表示虚拟条件，时间为过去，故填could have bought，句意：我们当初若是稍微再多考虑一下，也许就能买到我们真正想要的房子了。

3. with表示虚拟条件，时间为过去，故填would have become，句意：我若是养就了那种根深蒂固的犟脾气，也许就成了危险分子。

C. 考查with在复合结构中的用法

用适当的介词填空：

1. He was wearing a badge _____ his name on.

2. _____ her at the wheel, the company began to prosper.

3. _____ help from a parent, a child can do simple cooking.

4. She was crouched _____ her head forward and her shoulders bent.

5. Michelle had fallen asleep _____ her head against his shoulder.

6. Stand _____ your legs apart and your weight evenly distributed.

7. He was a high-earning broker _____ money to burn.

8. _____ only two days to go we can’t afford to relax.

9. _____ winter coming on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.

10. _____ four small children running around, the place is a madhouse.

答案均填with（若位于句首要大写首字母）。句意分别为：

1. 他戴了一枚徽章，上面有他的名字。

2. 有了她当主管, 公司开始兴旺起来。

3. 在家长的帮助下，孩子可以做一些简单的饭菜。

4. 她头朝前弯着背蜷缩着。

5. 米歇尔睡着了，头靠在他的肩上。

6. 双腿分开站立，平均分散身体的重量。

7. 他是高收入的经纪人，有花不完的钱。

8. 只有两天时间了, 我们可不能松懈。

9. 随着冬天到来，该买暖和衣裳了。

10. 有4个小孩到处乱跑，这个地方乱哄哄的。