英语表语形容词和定语形容词的用法说明

英语表语形容词和定语形容词的用法说明

大家知道，形容词既可作定语又可作表语，但是，有些形容词只用于名词前作定语，它们被称为定语形容词；而另有一些形容词则只用作表语，它们被称为表语形容词。

1. 常见的定语形容词有elder(年岁较大的), eldest(最年长的), indoor(室内的), outdoor(室外的), daily(每天的), everyday(每天的), weekly(每周的), monthly(每月的), yearly(每后的), last(最后的), wooden(木制的), woolen(毛纺的)等。如：

The elder sister takes care of the young children. 姐姐照顾弟妹。

Her elder daughter, in whom she placed the greatest trust, failed to match her expectations. 她的长女，她对之无比信任，却辜负了她的期望。

His eldest boy’s at school; the other is still at home. 他的大儿子在上学，另一个还呆在家里。

Some rich people have indoor swimming pools. 有些富人家有室内游泳池。

Football and cricket are outdoor games. 足球和板球都是室外运动。

That singer gives outdoor concerts in the summer. 那位歌手在夏天举办露天音乐会。

The paper published a daily column of English. 这家报纸每天出一个英语专栏。

Morning exercise is his everyday routine. 他每天早晨都要锻炼。

My weekly allowance is $50. 我每周的零花钱是50美元。

We send them monthly reports in order that they may have full information about the progress. 我们把每月的报告送给他们，这样他们就可以对进度完全了解。

The mean yearly rainfall is 20 inches. 年平均降雨量为20英寸。

An old wooden box did duty for a table. 一个旧木箱当作桌子用。

There is not much of a market for woolen clothes in a tropical country. 在热带国家，毛料衣服没有多大销路。

2. 常见的表语形容词有afraid(害怕的), alike(相同的), alive(活着的), alone(单独的), ashamed(羞愧的), asleep(睡着的), awake(醒着的), aware(意识到的), ill(有病的), well(身体健康的), glad(高兴的), pleased(高兴的), sorry(难过的), content(满意的), fond(喜欢的)等。如：

I was afraid the dog might bite me. 我怕那狗会咬我。

The twins are so much alike that I never know which is which. 这对双胞胎长得很相像，我从来都分不清哪个是哪个。

She still clings to the belief that her son is alive. 她仍然坚信她的儿子还活着。

Although the old man is not alone, he feels lonely. 虽然那位老人不是独自一个人，但他却感到孤寂。

She was ashamed of her children’s (bad) behavior. 她因为她的孩子不规矩而感到羞愧。

It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was asleep. 在我睡觉时你不弹钢琴，你真是体贴人。

In bed he lay wide awake. 他睡意全无地躺在床上。

Everybody is aware of its importance. 每个人都意识到了它的重要性。

He was so ill that he brought up everything. 他病得很重，什么都吐了出来。

We are glad to have the opportunity to visit[of visiting, for visiting] this beautiful city. 我们很高兴有这个机会参观这座美丽的城市。

I’m pleased because the price of butter has gone down. 我很高兴黄油降价了。

He was content just to sit in front of the television all day. 他只要整天坐在电视机前就心满意足了。

He is a good man excepting that he is too fond of drinking. 他是个好人，可就是太爱喝酒。

注意：关于表语形容词和定语形容词的用法并不是绝对的，当它们表示的意思发生变化，其用法也可能随之变化，如 ill 表示“生病的”通常只用表语，但表示“坏的”时，却通常只用作定语。