虚拟语气用法详解

(3) 在though, although等引导的让步状语从句中，从句虚拟语气结构为 should +动词原形，主句结构不限。如：

Although / Though he should often be late, he is a good student. 尽管他经常迟到，他还是个好学生。

Although / Though he should be secretary, he must obey the rules. 尽管他是书记，他也必须遵守规定。

3. 方式状语从句中的虚拟语气

as if, as though 引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的结构为：

表示所发生的时间

虚拟语气结构

发生在主句动作之前

had + 过去分词

与主句动作同时发生

过去时(be 用were )

发生在主句动作之后

would / could / might / should+原形动词

例如：

They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. 他们开始热烈的谈论起来就好像他们已相互认识很久了。

He coughed twice as if someone should come. 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。

4. 原因状语从句中的虚拟语气

amazed, angry, annoyed, astonished, disappointed, frightened, happy, pleased, proud, sorry, surprised, upset 等后面的状语从句中常用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：

① should + 原形动词(指现在或将来)。如：

He was angry that you should call him by name. 他很生气，你竟然对他直呼其名。

I was astonished that he should not answer such an easy question. 我很惊讶他竟答不出如此简单的问题。

② should + 完成式, 指过去。如：

I’m very sorry that you should have failed the exam. 我很遗憾，你这次考试竟然失败了。

I was very surprised that Father should have known what I did yesterday. 我很吃惊，父亲竟指导我昨天所作的事情(from www.hxen.net)。

三、宾语从句中的虚拟语气

1．英语中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist(坚决要求) , order, propose, request, suggest(建议) 表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) + 原形动词。如：

The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here. 老师劝我们要好好地利用在这儿的每一分钟。

The Party asked that we should serve the people with our heart and soul. 党要求我们要全心全意地为人民服务。

但是，当insist的意思为：坚决认为，坚持说；suggest的意思为：表明，暗含，暗示等时，宾语从句一般不用虚拟语气。如：

Tom insisted that he hadn’t stolen the watch. 汤姆坚持说他没有偷那块手表。

His smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam. 他的微笑表明他在考试中成功了。

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