9类状语从句的的备考说明

9类状语从句的的备考说明

状语从句在复合句中作状语，相当于副词的用法，用来修修动词、形容词或副词。引导状语从句的关联词叫从属连词。状语从句的语序与陈述句语序相同。状语从句可位于复合句的句首或句末，当从句位于句首时，后面常用逗号与主句分开。根据状语从句的不同作用可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句等九种。

1. 时间状语从句及备考说明

引导时间状语从句的从属连词(以下称引导词)很多，为方便记忆，现作以下分类：

(1)基本类：包括before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, once, as soon as 等。如：

Did anyone call when I was out? 我不在家时谁来过电话吗?

We have known each other since we were children. 我们从小认识。

You’ll feel better after you take the pills. 吃完药丸后你会感到好一些。

Make sure that all the lights are off before you go to bed. 睡觉前一定要关灯。

Don’t promise him anything till we’ve had time to think about it. 在我们有时间考虑之前别答应他什么。

(2)名词类：即由名词词组充当引导词，包括the moment, the minute, the second, the instant 等(均表示“一……就……”。如

I loved you the instant (that) I saw you. 我一见到你就爱上你了。

Tell me the moment (that) you get the results. 你一拿到结果就给我打电话。

(3)副词类：即由副词充当引导词，如 immediately, directly, instantly等。如：

I came immediately you called. 你一打电话我就来了。

Directly I walked in the door I smelt smoke. 我一进门就闻到烟味。

(4)短语类：主是几个涉及time短语，如every time，each time，(the) next time，any time，the last time，the first time 等。如：

Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来，请关门。

My roof leaks every time it rains. 每次下雨，我的房顶就漏。

He felt nervous each time she spoke to him. 每次她和他讲话，他都感到紧张。

The last time we talked he said he needed another two days. 上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。

(5)句型类：包括no sooner…than, hardly…when等。如：

I had no sooner closed the door than somebody knocked. 我刚把门关上就有人敲门。

Hardly were the words uttered than he began to regret them. 话刚说出口他就开始后悔了。

【备考说明】要特别注意“名词类”、“短语类”“句型类”状语从句，因为它们不仅是考查的重点，也往往是应试的难点。另外，以before, until, unless等引导的状语从句也应引导足够重视。

2. 地点状语从句及备考说明

地点状语从句主要由 where 引导，其意为“在……的地方”，有时也可由wherever(无论在……地方)和everywhere(每一个……的地方)引导。如：

Keep it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得见的地方。

He lives where the climate is mild. 他住在一个气候温暖的地方。

I’ll take you anywhere you like. 你想到哪儿我就带你到哪儿。

Everywhere I go, I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里，我都发现同样情况。

【备考说明】地点状语从句是高考英语中一个很重要的考点，由于许多同学对此重视不够，所以此类考题的丢分很严重。请看以下高考真题，它们考查的都是地点状语从句(答案均选 where)：

(1) When you read the book, you’d better make a mark ________ you have any questions.

A. at which     B. at where     C. the place where  D. where

(2) After the war, a new school building was put up ________ there had once been a theatre.

A. that    B. where C. which________ D. when

(3) You should make it a rule to leave things ________ you can find them again.

A. when  B. where C. then________    D. there

(4) She found her calculator ________ she lost it.

A. where B. when  C. in which     D. that