9类状语从句的的备考说明

3. 原因状语从句及备考说明

原因状语从句主要由since, because, for, as, now that, when 引导。如：

Since we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 因为我们没有钱，我们没法买它。

They can’t have gone out because the light’s on. 他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。

The days were short, for it was now December. 白天很短，因为这时已经是十二月。

As there isn’t anything more to do, I may as well go home early 既然这里没有别的事要做，我还不如早点回家。

Now that you are all here, let’s try and reach a decision. 既然你们都在这里，咱们就设法做出一个决定。

【备考说明】要特别注意when表示原因的用法，因为许多同学对此用法并不是很熟悉。如：

I can’t tell you when you won’t listen. 既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。

Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already? 你已经有一份这么好的工作了，你为什么还要找新的工作呢?

4. 条件状语从句及备考说明

条件状语从句主要由if, unless, as [so] long as(只要), in case(如果，万一)等引导。如：

If there is any problem, let me know. 如果有什么问题可以通知我。

Unless you wear boots you may be bitted by snakes. 若不穿靴子你可能被蛇咬。

As long as you understand, we shall say no more about it. 只要你能理解，我们就不说什么了。

In case he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait. 如果他在我回来以前到，请让他等等我。

【备考说明】条状语从句最值得关注的是in case，另外unless也是一个不可轻视的连词。请再看几例：

Tell me in case you get into difficulty. 遇到困难请告诉我。

In case I forget, please remind me about it. 如果我忘了，请提醒我。

In case the house burns down, we’ll get the insurance money. 这房子要是烧坏了，我们就可以领保险金了。

Unless you change your mind, I won’t be able to help you. 除非你改变你的想法，否则我不能帮助你。

Unless you’ re early you can’t be sure of getting a seat. 除非你早去，否则你不会有座位的。

5. 让步状语从句的用法

(1)基本类：引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有though / although(虽然)，even if / even though(即使), whether…or (无论……还是……)等。如：

Although it was built before the war, the engine is still in perfect order. 虽然发动机是战前造的，但仍然工作良好。

Even if you don’t like him you can still be polite.  即使你不喜欢他，你仍可有礼貌一些。

Whether we go or whether we stay, the result is the same. 不管我们是走还是留结果都一样。

(2)-ever类：主要指however / whatever / whoever / whichever 等引导的让步状语从句，其用法相当于no matter how / what / who / which…，意思是“无论……”。如：

I will refuse, however [no matter how] favorable the condition is. 不管条件多好，我都不接受。

Phone me when you arrive, however [no matter how] late it is. 你到达之后就给我打电话，不论多么晚也要打。

Don’t lose heart whatever [no matter what] difficulties you meet. 一不管遇到什么困难都不要灰心。

Whoever [No matter who] you are, you can’t pass this way. 不管你是谁，都不能从这里过去。

Whichever [No matter which] you choose, they will be offended. 不管你选哪个，他们都会不高兴。

【备考说明】重点应关注由-ever引导的状语从句。另外，由even if和even though引导的状语从句也值得注意。