胡锦涛在G20领导人第三次峰会上的讲话

2009年9月25日，中国国家主席胡锦涛在美国匹兹堡举行的二十国集团领导人第三次金融峰会上发表题为《全力促进增长 推动平衡发展》的重要讲话。讲话全文如下：

全力促进增长 推动平衡发展
——在二十国集团领导人第三次金融峰会上的讲话
（２００９年９月２５日，美国匹兹堡）
中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛

Remarks by President Hu Jintao at the Third G20 Financial Summit
Pittsburgh, 25 September 2009

尊敬的奥巴马总统，
各位同事：

President Obama,
Dear Colleagues,

很高兴来到匹兹堡参加二十国集团领导人第三次金融峰会。首先，我对奥巴马总统为本次峰会所作的精心准备和周到安排，表示衷心的感谢！

It gives me great pleasure to come to Pittsburgh for the third G20 financial summit. Let me first express sincere thanks to President Obama for the active effort and thoughtful arrangement he has made for our meeting.

经过华盛顿和伦敦两次金融峰会，国际社会信心增强，金融市场趋于稳定，世界经济出现积极变化。同时，我们也清醒地看到，世界经济形势好转的基础并不牢固，不确定因素仍然很多，实现全面复苏将是缓慢和曲折的过程。当前，我们的首要任务仍然是应对国际金融危机、推动世界经济健康复苏，同时要坚定不移推进国际金融体系改革，在解决全球发展不平衡进程中实现世界经济全面持续平衡发展。

Following the two summits in Washington and London, the international community's confidence has strengthened, financial markets have moved towards stability and the world economy has seen positive changes. We are soberly aware, however, that the foundation of an economic rebound is not yet solid, with many uncertainties remaining. A full economic recovery will take a slow and tortuous process. It remains our primary task at present to counter the international financial crisis and promote a healthy world economic recovery. At the same time, we should stay firmly committed to advancing the reform of the international financial system and achieve comprehensive, sustainable and balanced world economic development while addressing the global development imbalances.

第一，坚定不移刺激经济增长。我们应该充分利用二十国集团这一平台，继续加强宏观经济政策协调，保持政策导向总体一致性、时效性、前瞻性。各国应该保持经济刺激方案力度，无论是发达国家还是发展中国家都应该采取更加扎实有效的举措，在促进消费、扩大内需上多下功夫。主要储备货币发行国要平衡和兼顾货币政策对国内经济和国际经济的影响，切实维护国际金融市场稳定。要坚决反对和抵制各种形式的保护主义，维护公正自由开放的全球贸易和投资体系，继续承诺不对商品、投资、服务设置新的限制措施，在锁定现有成果的基础上推动多哈回合谈判早日取得成功。我们应该大力推动国际新兴产业合作尤其是节能减排、环保、新能源等领域合作，积极培育世界经济新的增长点。我们应该大力加强国际科技合作，充分依靠科技进步增强世界经济增长内在动力。与此同时，我们应该对刺激措施可能产生的负面影响尤其是潜在通胀风险保持警惕。

First, we should stand firm in our commitment to stimulating economic growth. We should make full use of the G20 platform to step up macroeconomic policy coordination, maintain the overall consistency of our policies and ensure that they are timely and forward-looking. All countries should keep up the intensity of their economic stimulus plans. Both developed countries and developing countries should take more solid and effective measures and make greater effort to boost consumption and expand domestic demand. Major reserve currency issuing countries should take into account and balance the implications of their monetary policies for both their own economies and the world economy with a view to upholding stability of international financial markets. We should resolutely oppose and reject protectionism in all forms, uphold a fair, free and open global trading and investment system, and impose no new restrictions on goods, investment and services as we have committed. And we should work for the success of the Doha Round negotiations on the basis of locking up the existing achievements. We should energetically promote international cooperation in new industries, especially energy conservation, pollution reduction, environmental protection and new energies, and foster new growth areas in the world economy. We should intensify international scientific and technological cooperation and make full use of the advancement in science and technology to boost the internal dynamism of world economic growth. At the same time, we should stay on alert against any possible adverse impact of the stimulus measures, the potential risk of inflation in particular.

第二，坚定不移推进国际金融体系改革。二十国集团领导人在前两次金融峰会上达成了推进国际金融体系改革的政治共识，这是我们向全世界作出的庄严承诺。现在，国际经济金融形势有所好转，但我们推进改革的决心不能减弱、目标不能降低。我们应该落实伦敦峰会确定的时间表和路线图，着力提高发展中国家代表性和发言权，不断推动改革取得实质性进展。我们应该完善国际金融机构现行决策程序和机制，推动各方更加广泛有效参与。我们应该推进国际金融监管体系改革，改革应该触及最根本的监管原则和目标，未来金融监管体系要简单易行、便于问责。我们应该加强金融监管合作，扩大金融监管覆盖面，尽快制订普遍接受的金融监管标准，高质量落实各项改革措施。

Second, we should stand firm in our commitment to advancing the reform of the international financial system. At the previous two summits, G20 leaders reached the political consensus of reforming the international financial system. This is a solemn commitment we have made to the whole world. The international economic and financial situation is now improving, but we should remain as resolved as ever to advance the reform and our targets of reform must not become any weaker. We should follow through on the timetable and the roadmap agreed upon at the London summit, increase the representation and voice of developing countries and push for substantive progress in the reform. We should improve the existing decision-making process and mechanism in international financial institutions and encourage more extensive and effective participation of all parties. We should move forward the reform of the international financial supervisory and regulatory regime. The reform should get to the most fundamental principles and objectives of supervision and regulation. The future financial supervisory and regulatory regime should be easy to operate and highly accountable. We should step up cooperation in financial supervision and regulation, expand its coverage, formulate as quickly as possible financial supervision and regulation standards that are widely acceptable, and ensure quality implementation of all reform measures.

第三，坚定不移推动世界经济平衡发展。当前，国际社会十分关注全球经济失衡问题。失衡既表现为部分国家储蓄消费失衡、贸易收支失衡，更表现为世界财富分配失衡、资源拥有和消耗失衡、国际货币体系失衡。导致失衡的原因是复杂的、多方面的，既有经济全球化深入发展、国际产业分工转移、国际资本流动的因素，也同现行国际经济体系、主要经济体宏观经济政策、各国消费文化和生活方式密切相关。从根本上看，失衡根源是南北发展严重不平衡。只有广大发展中国家有效实现发展，世界经济复苏步伐才会坚实，世界经济增长才能持久。我们应该完善促进平衡发展的国际机制，支持联合国在解决发展问题方面更好发挥指导和协调作用，推动世界银行增加发展资源、增强减贫和发展职能，敦促国际货币基金组织建立快速有效的金融救援机制，优先向最不发达国家提供融资支持。我们应该加大形式多样的发展投入，二十国集团领导人峰会推动筹集的大量资金应该优先用于解决发展不平衡问题，发达国家应该认真落实蒙特雷共识，切实增加对发展中国家的援助规模，推动联合国千年发展目标的实现。我们应该高度重视技术合作对促进平衡发展的重要意义，降低人为技术转让壁垒，为广大发展中国家缩小发展差距创造条件，尤其要加强绿色技术领域合作，确保发展中国家用得上、用得起绿色技术，避免形成新的“绿色鸿沟”。我们应该着力转变经济发展方式，既要增强紧迫感、积极推进，又要区别情况、从实际出发，允许不同发展阶段的国家在转变经济发展方式过程中选择适合本国国情的路子和节奏，不能挤压发展中国家应有的发展空间。

Third, we should stand firm in our commitment to promoting balanced growth of the global economy. The issue of global economic imbalances has drawn close attention from the international community. It includes imbalances between savings and consumption, and imports and exports in some countries. But more importantly, it manifests itself in the imbalances in global wealth distribution, resource availability and consumption and the international monetary system. The causes for such imbalances are complex and manifold. Factors at work include deepening economic globalization, international division of labor and industrial relocation, and global capital flow. The existing international economic system, macroeconomic policies of major economies, and the consumption culture and way of life of different countries have also played a direct part. The root cause, however, is the yawning development gap between the North and the South. Only with real development of the vast developing world can there be solid global economic recovery and sustainable world economic growth. We should build up international institutions that promote balanced development. We should support the United Nations in better guiding and coordinating development efforts, encourage the World Bank to increase development resources and enhance its role in poverty reduction and development, and urge the IMF to set up a financial rescue mechanism that will provide prompt and effective assistance and give financing support to the least developed countries on a priority basis. We should scale up input in development in diverse forms. The substantial amount of funds raised through the G20 summits should be used first and foremost to address development imbalances. Developed countries should implement the Monterrey Consensus in real earnest, take concrete steps to increase assistance to developing countries, and promote the attainment of the UN Millennium Development Goals. We should value the important role of technological cooperation in promoting balanced development, reduce man-made barriers to technology transfer, and create an enabling environment for developing countries to narrow the development gap. It is of particular importance to step up cooperation in green technologies, ensure developing countries access to applicable and affordable green technologies, and avoid a new "green divide". We should change our economic growth patterns with a sense of urgency and active measures, and at the same time we should take into account different circumstances and proceed in the light of actual conditions. Countries at different stages of development should be allowed to choose their own approach and pace suited to their national conditions, and the space for development that the developing countries well deserve must not be compromised.