奥巴马在G20匹兹堡峰会记者会讲话

First, we agreed to sustain our recovery plans until growth is restored, and a new framework for prosperity is in place.  Our coordinated stimulus plans played an indispensable role in averting catastrophe.  Now, we must make sure that when growth returns -- jobs do, too.  That's why we will continue our stimulus efforts until our people are back to work, and phase them out when our recovery is strong.

首先，我们同意维持我们的复苏方案，直到经济恢复增长，直到为繁荣制定的新框架得到实施。我们相互协调的刺激经济方案为避免灾难发挥了不可缺少的作用。目前，我们必须切实做到，在恢复增长之时— 工作机会也能得到保证。正是出于这个原因，我们将继续我们刺激经济的行动，直到我们的人民重回工作岗位，一俟我们的复苏达到坚实的程度，即可逐步退出。

But we can't stop there.  Going forward, we cannot tolerate the same old boom and bust economy of the past.  We can't grow complacent.  We can't wait for a crisis to cooperate.  That's why our new framework will allow each of us to assess the others' policies, to build consensus on reform, and to ensure that global demand supports growth for all.

但是我们不能到此为止。展望未来，我们不能允许以往经济盛衰交替的现象重演。我们不可固步自封。我们不能等到危机发生再相互合作。正是出于这个原因，我们的新框架要求我们相互评估政策的得失，就改革问题建立共识，并保证全球的需求带动全体经济的共同增长。

Second, we agreed to take concrete steps to move forward with tough, new financial regulations so that crises like this can never happen again.  Never again should we let the schemes of a reckless few put the world's financial system -- and our people's well-being -- at risk.  Those who abuse the system must be held accountable.  Those who act irresponsibly must not count on taxpayer dollars.  Those days are over.

第二，我们同意采取具体步骤制定严格的新金融监管条例，确保类似眼前的危机永远不再发生。我们决不能再容许少数人以肆无忌惮的图谋把世界金融体系乃至我们各国人民的福祉置于险境。对于那些破坏该体系的人，必须追究其责任。对于那些不负责任的人，决不能用纳税人的钱姑息养奸。那种日子一去不复返了。

That's why we've agreed on a strong set of reforms.  We will bring more transparency to the derivatives market.  And we will strengthen national capital standards, so that banks can withstand losses and pay for their own risks.  We will create more powerful tools to hold large global financial firms accountable, and orderly procedures to manage failures without burdening taxpayers.  And we will tie executive pay to long-term performance, so that sound decisions are rewarded instead of short-term greed.  In short, our financial system will be far different and more secure than the one that failed so dramatically last year.

因此，我们一致同意推行一组强有力的改革措施。我们将提高衍生工具市场的透明度。我们将强化国家资本标准，使银行能够承受损失，弥补自身风险。我们将建立更健全的机制，迫使大型全球性金融公司承担责任，同时制定可稳步实施的程序，在不增加纳税人负担的情况下管理风险。我们还将把高层主管的薪资与长期业绩挂钩，奖励明智的决策而不是贪婪的急功近利行为。总之，我们的金融体系与去年在短短时间内陷入瘫痪的体系相比将有天壤之别，其安全保障将显著增强。

Third, we agreed to phase out subsidies for fossil fuels so that we can transition to a 21st century energy economy -- an historic effort that would ultimately phase out nearly $300 billion in global subsidies.  This reform will increase our energy security.  It will help transform our economy, so that we're creating the clean energy jobs of the future.  And it will help us combat the threat posed by climate change.  As I said earlier this week in New York, all nations have a responsibility to meet this challenge, and together, we have taken a substantial step forward in meeting that responsibility.

第三，我们一致同意分阶段终止为化石燃料提供补贴，以便完成向21世纪能源经济的过渡——这是一项具有重大历史意义的努力，最终将在全世界撤除近三千亿美元的补贴。此项改革将增进我们的能源保障，有助于我们的经济转型，使我们在未来的清洁能源领域创造就业机会。它还将有助于我们抗击气候变化带来的威胁。 正如本周早些时候我在纽约所言，所有国家都有责任迎接这一挑战，通过共同努力，我们在履行此项责任方面向前迈出了一大步。

Finally, we agreed to reform our system of global economic cooperation and governance.  We can no longer meet the challenges of the 21st century economy with 20th century approaches.  And that's why the G20 will take the lead in building a new approach to cooperation.  To make our institutions reflect the reality of our times, we will shift more responsibility to emerging economies within the International Monetary Fund, and give them a greater voice.  To build new markets, and help the world's most vulnerable citizens climb out of poverty, we established a new World Bank Trust Fund to support investments in food security and financing for clean and affordable energy.  And to ensure that we keep our commitments, we agreed to continue to take stock of our efforts going forward.

最后，我们一致同意改革我们的全球经济合作与治理体制。我们不能再用20世纪的方法应对21世纪经济带来的挑战。因此，G20将带头制定一种新的合作方法。为使我们的机构反映这个时代的现实，我们将在国际货币基金组织内部让新兴经济体承担更多责任，并赋予它们更大的发言权。为了建立新市场，帮助世界上挣扎在厄运边缘的人们摆脱贫困，我们建立了一个新的世界银行信托基金，以支持食品保障方面的投资，并为开发价格适度的清洁能源提供资金。为了确保承诺得到履行，我们一致同意在今后继续追踪我们的努力结果。

We have learned, time and again, that in the 21st century, the nations of the world share mutual interests.  That's why I've called for a new era of engagement that yields real results for our people -- an era when nations live up to their responsibilities, and act on behalf of our shared security and prosperity.

我们一再体验到，21世纪的世界各国拥有共同利益。因此，我呼吁开辟一个能为我们的人民带来实惠的、注重交往的新纪元。在这个新纪元中，各国承担起应尽的责任，并为共同的安全和繁荣采取行动。

And that's exactly the kind of strong cooperation that we forged here in Pittsburgh, and earlier this week in New York. Indeed, on issue after issue, we see that the international community is beginning to move forward together.  At the G20, we've achieved a level of tangible, global economic cooperation that we have never seen before, while also acting to address the threat posed by climate change.  At the United Nations Security Council, we passed a historic resolution to secure loose nuclear materials, to stop the spread of nuclear weapons, and to seek the security of a world without them.  And as we approach negotiations with Iran on October 1st, we have never been more united in standing with the United Kingdom, France, Russia, China and Germany in demanding that Iran live up to its responsibilities.

这正是我们在匹兹堡以及本周早些时候在纽约建立的这种强有力的合作。的确，在许多问题上，我们都看到国际社会开始携手并进。在G20会议上，我们实现了前所未有的、具体的全球经济合作，同时采取行动应对气候变化的威胁。在联合国安理会会议上，我们通过了一项具有历史意义的决议，增强散落核材料的保安措施，制止核武器扩散，寻求一个安全的、没有核武器的世界。在我们即将于10月1日同伊朗进行谈判之际，我们与英国、法国、俄罗斯、中国和德国的立场达到空前一致，共同要求伊朗履行其责任。

On all of these challenges, there is much more work to be done.  But we leave here today more confident and more united in the common effort of advancing security and prosperity for all of our people.

在应对所有这些挑战方面都有更多工作要做。但是，当我们今天离开此地时，我们更有信心，更加团结，决心为增进我们各国人民的安全和繁荣共同努力。

So I'm very grateful to the other world leaders who are here today.  And with that, let me take a few questions.  I'll start with Ben Feller of AP.

因此，我对今天与会的其他国家的领导人深表感谢。我的讲话到此结束，现在回答几个问题。请美联社的Ben Feller先提问。