美国商务部长珠三角创新与知识产权论坛讲话

2009年10月27日,美国商务部长骆家辉在广州香格里拉酒店举行的“珠江三角洲创新与知识产权”国际论坛上发表主题演说，以下是讲话全文。
 
Remarks at Pearl River Delta International Forum on Innovation and Intellectual Property
by U.S. Commerce Secretary Gary Locke
Shangri-La Hotel, Guangzhou
Tuesday, October 27, 2009
“珠三角创新与知识产权”国际论坛上的发言
美国商务部长骆家辉
广州 香格里拉酒店
2009年10月27日
Good morning.
早上好。

Thank you Ambassador Huntsman.
谢谢洪大使。

This year marks the 60th Anniversary of the People’s Republic of China. In the last few decades, hundreds of millions of Chinese have joined the global middle class as China has become a destination for capital, for ideas and for innovation.
今年是中华人民共和国成立60周年。在过去几十年里，随着中国成为吸引资本、创意和创新的热土，数亿中国人已加入全球中产阶层的行列。

And one of the best illustrations of this transformation is China's burgeoning trade relationship with the United States. We are one another's second-biggest trading partners.  In the past 20 years, U.S. exports to China have increased by a factor of 12; while U.S. imports from China have increased almost 30-fold. The pace of change right here in Guangdong Province is a most striking illustration of this.
而最能体现这种转变的事情之一，就是中国与美国之间迅速发展的贸易关系。我们各自都是对方的第二大贸易伙伴。在过去20年里，美国对中国的出口增加了12倍，而美国从中国的进口则增加了近30倍。这种变化的步伐在广东省这里体现得尤其显著。

Thirty years ago, Vice-Premier Deng Xiaoping chose a small fishing village not far from here as China’s first Special Economic Zone. Today, that village makes up Shenzhen, which boasts a population of 14 million people and is one of China’s most dynamic cities.
三十年前，邓小平副总理选择离此不远的一个小渔村作为中国首个经济特区。今天，那个的渔村已经变成了深圳，一个拥有1400万人口、中国最具活力的城市之一。

The Pearl River Delta is now a thriving example of market principles at work.
There are more than 100,000 factories that make every type of product imaginable – from iPhones and flat screen TVs to cell phones and high fashion apparel.
今天的珠三角是市场原则发挥作用的一个繁荣例子。这里有十几万家工厂，生产你能想象得到的各种产品，从iPhone、平板电视、手机、到高档服装。

But we also know that the Chinese economy is increasingly moving up the global economic value chain, where growth is created not just by the power of a country’s industrial might, but also by the power of their ideas and their inventions. The next critical step is for China to develop more homegrown entrepreneurs that sell high-value and high-tech products here in China and around the world.
但我们也知道，在全球经济价值链中，中国正日益向高端转移，而在高端，增长不仅要靠一个国家的工业实力，还要靠他们的创意和发明来推动。对中国来说，下一步的关键是培养更多能在中国和世界各地销售高附加值和高科技产品的本土企业家。

If China, and in particular Guangdong Province, is going to make this transition, it will have to create a system of laws and a regulatory infrastructure that rewards and protects those who take risks to develop new innovations. And a cornerstone of that effort must be a rigorously enforced intellectual property regime. If innovators fear that their inventions or ideas will be stolen, then one of two things will happen – they’ll either stop inventing, or they’ll decide to create their inventions elsewhere. Here in Guangdong Province, this issue is particularly relevant. Last year, firms based in Guangdong Province obtained more patents than firms based in any other single Chinese province. Guangdong Province has the potential to be China’s epicenter of innovation.   And the stronger intellectual property laws and enforcement are, the greater the incentive for domestic and foreign innovators to create their products right here.
如果中国，尤其是广东省，要实现这种转型，就必须建立一套为那些冒着风险开发新创意的人提供奖励和保护的法律法规体系。而这方面工作的基石，是对知识产权制度的严格执行。如果创新者担心他们的发明或创意会被人盗用，就只会发生两种情况：要么他们会停止发明创造，要么他们会决定去其它地方实现自己的发明创造。在广东省这里，这个问题尤其重要。去年，广东的企业获得的专利数比任何其它省的企业都要多。广东具有成为中国创新中心的潜力，而知识产权法律及其执法越有力，国内及外国的创新者在这里研发自己产品的动力就越强。

In the past few years, China has taken several steps to protect the IP of American and other foreign companies operating within its borders.
For example:
The Guangdong Intellectual Property Office settled 198 of the 199 patent-related complaints it received.
There were nearly 2,500 trademark infringement cases of overseas rights holders in China last year, a 35 percent increase over 2007.
过去几年里，中国采取了若干措施来保护在中国境内经营的美国及其它外国公司的知识产权。
例如：
广东省知识产权局受理了199宗与专利有关的投诉，解决了其中的198宗。
去年，中国受理了近2500宗涉及海外所有权人的商标侵权案件，比2007年增加了百分之三十五。

But despite these steps, American companies in fields as diverse as technology, entertainment and pharmaceuticals still lose billions every year in China from intellectual property theft.
但尽管如此，在从科技、娱乐到制药等广泛领域，美国公司仍然每年在中国由于知识产权被盗用而遭受数以十亿美元计的损失。

In short, much more needs to be done. Strongly worded IP laws are only as valuable as the civil and criminal penalties people face for breaking them – and China’s enforcement of IP laws is often uneven. For example, the U.S. government has received reports of occasional aggressive intellectual property law enforcement in Shenzhen, while receiving consistent reports of very lax enforcement elsewhere, including, unfortunately, right here in Guangdong. For this reason, the U.S. Department of Commerce as well as other arms of our government seeks to expand our work with our Chinese counterparts on enforcement efforts.
简而言之，需要做的事情还很多。措词严厉的知识产权法律，只有通过人们在违法后所面临的民事和刑事惩罚的严厉程度才能体现出来。而中国知识产权法律的执法道路并不平坦。例如，美国政府很高兴曾经收到过关于深圳在知识产权方面积极执法的报告，同时也很遗憾地经常收到关于其它地方， 如广东，执法非常松懈的报告。正因为如此，美国商务部及美国其它政府部门希望扩大我们与中国在执法方面的相应部门之间的合作。