2017考研英语长短句翻译练习(19)
1. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.
【分析】复合句。本句主干为the other either tossed herown token... or refused to accept the slice of cucumber,其中包含either…or结构。if引导条件状语从句,其主干为 one received a grape,介词短语without...all作伴随状语。
【译文】如果一只猴子根本无需用代匝就能得到一颗葡萄的话,另外一只猴子就会将代匝掷向研究人员或扔出房间外,或者拒绝接受那片黄瓜。
【拓展】1)token名词时,意为“标志”或“代币”,本句中意思是作形容词时,意为“标志性的”或“装样子的,敷衍的”。2)in exchange“作为交换”, 常跟for连用。
2. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House,to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made.
【分析】复合句。句子主干为The latest was a panel...。介词短语from...sciences和过去分词短语enlisted...House均为panel的后置定语,不定式结构作目的状语,其中包含两个由that引导的宾语从句。
【译文】最近一批由白宫召集,来自国家科学院的专家团告诉我们,地球气候毫无疑问正在变暖,而这主要是人类造成的。
【拓展】enlist的常用意为“招募,使入伍”或“得到(帮助、支持等)”,结合语境,本句中的意思是“召集”。
3. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future,and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.
【分析】并列多重复合句。and连接两个并列分句。前一分句的主干为science...provide us with…guide,其中does对谓语起强调作用,to the future是宾语guide的后置定语。后一分句的主干为it is critical that...,其中it为形式主语,真正主语是that引导的主语从句,其主干为our nation and the world base important policies on...judgments。 judgments 后接两个定语结构:that引导的定语从句和介词短语concerning...。因critical表示“重要的”,主语从句使用了虚拟语气,动词base前省略了should。
【译文】但是科学确实为我们的未来提供了最好的指导,关键是我们的国家和其他国家在做重要决策时,应该以科学能够提供给我们最好判断作为依据,这些判断涉及人类现在的行为对未来的影响。
4. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat,regulating moods while, the brain is "off-line".
【分析】多重复合句。句子主干为researchers suspect that..., that引导宾语从句,其中 regulating...现在分词短语作状语,其中又嵌套while引导的时间状语从句。
【译文】现在研究人员猜测当大脑“离线”时,梦想是心灵的情绪恒温器的一部分,调节心情。