2013考研英语一试题答案与详解

46. Directions: Translate the following text from English to Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points)
It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.

One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the former becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.

Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life－assuming uncanny representational forms.

答案
46. 然而当人们观看那些由无家可归的人创建的花园的照片时，人们能会深深的震撼。因为这些花园不仅风格各异，在它的装饰和创造性之外，也透露出了其他其他基本的诉求。

47. 然而，一块神圣的和平之地，或许可能是粗糙的，但它都是一种人类本能的需求，和庇护所相反，那只是动物的本能需求。

48 无家可归的人的花园，事实上是无家可归的花园。 它城市环境引入了一种形式。这些城市要么没有，要么没有如此显眼的花园。

49.我们当中大多数人都屈服于精神上的败坏，我们经常把这种精神上的败坏推卸到心理环境上，直到有一天我们发现自己处于一个花园当中，并感受到这种压迫感不可思议的消失了。

50. 正是这种隐含或外露的对自然的提及充分地证实了对花园这个单词的使用，尽管是从一种解放的意义上来说，描述了这些综合建设。

详解：
2013年的翻译文章选自一本小品文集：Gardens: An Essay on the Human Condition。同往常一样，英语一的翻译文章，出题人习惯于从某一书中去改编。2013年考研英语一翻译这篇文章就改编自这本书的59页到61页其中一篇。
今年的翻译题总体的感觉是句子的结构不太难，但是很多的词汇成为表达的难点，当然，考到了一些重要的核心的词汇，都在课堂上讲到过，最后冲刺班讲的介词短语“虽然、尽管”的意思介词短语是固定的短语是确定的，所以说表达起来并不是太难。
总体来说，五个翻译句子涉及到了分词作定语、定语从句、状语从句以及插入语的翻译。第46题考查了时间状语从句和it引导的形式主语句的翻译。第47和49题都有关于定语从句的翻译。同时，第47题和50题都考查到了插入语的翻译。考生在英翻汉的时候建议采用拆分组合的方法来解题。即，首先将主句的主谓宾弄清楚，然后按照意群划分句子，最后在按照汉语的表达习惯，将各部分意群串成一个完整的，合乎中文表达方式的句子。

46【句子分析】本句的主干为：it strikes one，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。句首是when 引导的时间状语从句。Beyond后的that指代的是上文的diversity。For all在句中是“尽管”的意思。
【译文】然而当人们观看那些由无家可归的人创建的花园的照片时，人们能会深深的震撼。因为这些花园不仅风格各异，在它的装饰和创造性之外，也透露出了其他的基本的人类需求。

47【句子分析】本句的主干为：A sacred place of peace...is a distinctly human need.主谓之间插入了一个however引导的让步状语从句。as opposed to shelter后为which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰shelter。In effect是“事实上，本质上”的意思。
【译文】尽管神圣的和平之地是原始的，但是它明显是一种人类本能的需求，和庇护所相反，那只是动物的本能需求。

48【句子分析】本句的主干为：The gardens of the homeless...introduce form...where引导的是修饰environment的定语从句，在句子中作地点状语。
【译文】无家可归的人的花园，事实上是无家可归的花园。 它把一种形式引入城市环境中。在这些城市环境中要么没有这些花园，要么没有如此显眼的花园。

49【句子分析】本句的主干为：most of us give into a demoralization of spirit...which紧跟spirit之后引导的是定语从句。Until引导的是时间状语从句，其中as if是“好像，正如”的意思。
【译文】 我们当中大多数人都屈服于精神上的败坏，我们经常把这种精神上的败坏推卸到心理环境上，直到有一天我们发现自己处于一个花园当中，并感受到这种精神的败坏不可思议的消失了。

50【句子分析】本句是it is...that...形式的强调句型。强调的部分是主语this implicit or explicit reference to nature。主句的谓语动词是justifies。In a...sense是“在某种意义上，从某种意义上”的意思。
【译文】正是这种隐含或外露的对自热的提及充分证明了从一种“解放”的意义上说使用“花园”这个词来描述人工建筑是合理的。