考研英语翻译中词类转换详解(2)

二、转换成名词

1.动词转换成名词

The university aims at the first rate of the world.

参考译文:学校的目标是世界一流。

2.形容词转换成名词

They did their best to help the sick and the wounded.

参考译文:他们尽了最大努力帮助病号和伤号。

3.代词转换成名词

According to a growing body of evidence, the chemicals that make up many plastics may migrate out of the material and into foods and fluids, ending up in your body.

分析：your body直译是你的身体，而细读原文，我们发现其实your body是泛指人体。作者为了引起与读者的共鸣，用了与读者更息息相关的your.在翻译时，应将此代词转换成名词，体现其真实含义。

参考译文:越来越多的证据表明，许多塑料制品的化学成分会移动到食物或流体上去，最终进入人体内。

4.副词转换成名词

The new type of machine is shown schematically in Figure1.

参考译文:图一所示是这种新型机器的简图。