考研英语范文阅读模拟试题及答案解析(三)
2009-07-14来源:
1、In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programs and tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.
[参考译文] 在最后三章中,他脱下手套,将神造论者好好地揍了一顿。他描述了他们的活动和战术,而且,对于那些对神造论者的做事方式不熟悉的人来说,神造论者的欺骗和扭曲事实的程度可能会令这些人有一种不快的诧异。
[结构剖析] 第一句话的主体结构是…he takes off…and gives…,第二句是 and 连接的两个并列句。在第二个分句中,前面插入了一个介词词组 for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists,其中 unfamiliar 相当于省略了 who are 的定语从句,修饰 those。
[阅读重点] 第一句话中,作者把写书比喻成拳击,因而要抨击神造说/特创论的时候,用了 takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating 这样的句子。第二句中,关键要弄清楚 their programs and tactics, their deception and distortion 中的两个 their 指代的都是 creationists,而不是指那些对神造论者的处事方式不熟悉的人。
2、On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: This book stands for reason itself. And so it does-and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.
[参考译文] 在这本杰出的书的外纸封面上,史蒂芬?杰伊?古尔德写道:这本书本身就代表理性。而它确实是这样的-而且如果理性成为神造论/进化论之间的辩论中的惟一评判标准的话,一切就都好办了。
[结构剖析] 第一句话中是主语+谓语动词+直接引语。第二句表示对第一句中的观点的赞同,破折号后作进一步解释;其中隐含一个 if 引导的状语从句表示虚拟语气。在正式的文体中,倒装可以用来代替 if 引导的表示假设的状语从句。were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate 相当于 if reason were the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate。
[阅读重点] 注意 so it does 的用法:so+主语+助动词,表示对前面表述的观点的赞同,注意这一结构与 so+助动词+主语 结构的区别。后者表示也的意思,只用在肯定句当中。另外应注意破折号后解释部分中的条件句里时态的运用:if 条件状语从句中使用过去时 were,主句中用过去将来时 would do,是作出与现在事实相反的假设。
补充难句翻译
①The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life.
[参考译文] 所有这些书的目的都是要努力向迷惑而且通常还没有被启发的普通民众解释:不可能有两种同样站得住脚的关于宇宙和生命的起源和演化的科学理论同时存在。
[结构剖析] 句子的主干结构是 The goal… will be to try to explain…,其中 explain 后面接的是双宾语:explain to sb. sth.,这里 sth. 是 that 引导的宾语从句 there are not…。
[阅读重点] all 指代上文提到的书籍,要注意 origin 和 evolution 是并列的,而universe 和 life 是并列的。而 confused 和 unenlightened 也是并列的。
②Scientific creationism, which is being pushed by some for equal time in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science.
[参考译文] 科学的神造说/特创论-不论什么时候谈到进化的科学解释的时候,某些人就会要求在教室里获得同等的时间来解释这一学说-是以宗教为基础的,而不是以科学为基础。
[结构剖析] 句子的主体结构是… creationism is based… on religion, not science,其中which 引导了一个非限定性定语从句 which is being pushed by some for equal time in the classroom…修饰 creationism,在这一定语从句中,whenever 引导了一个时间状语从句 whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given。
[阅读重点] 首先要理解非限定性定语从句的用法,另外,在阅读中可以先跳过非限定性定语从句,只看句子的主干。