英语口语畅谈世界文化之荷兰64:Windmills风车mp3

英语口语畅谈世界文化

之荷兰

64 Windmills 风车

M1 : Man l       M2 : Man 2
M1：男人l     M2：男人2

M1 : What a great picture,  I'm guessing it's Holland, right?
Ml:照片太漂亮了！我猜拍的是荷兰吧？

M2 : Yes, of course！ The windmills must have given it away.
M2：是的，当然是荷兰。一定是这些风车泄的密。

M1 : There are lots in Holland and some are very old, but they have been preserved perfectly. I saw them when I was travelling around Europe last summer.
MI:在荷兰有很多风车，有些还很古老，但都被保存得很好。去年夏天我去欧洲旅游时还曾亲眼见过风车．．

M2: There are lots of different types, too. This one here is a drainage mill, but there are also corn mills and industrial mills for all kinds of purposes.
M2：风车还有很多不同种类：照片上的这种是排水用的，还有一些碾磨谷物的风车以及各种用途的工业生产用风车。

Ml : I just think they brighten up the landscape, especially in a country as flat as Holland, standing tall against the horizon with their sails whirling in the air.
Ml：我只是觉得，尤其足在荷兰这样一个地势平坦的国家，风乍真是为这里的风景增色不少：它们高耸往地平线上，翼板在风中旋转着.

M2: I agree. Did you know Cervantes wrote about Don Quixote's famous attack on the windrnills ?
M2：我也这样认为。塞万提斯写过堂吉诃德攻击风车的故事，非常育名，这些你知道吗？

Ml: Yes, not just that though. There are many paintings of the East Anglian countryside in England by John Constable, whose family owned mills.
Ml:知道，不过还不只这些。还有约翰•康斯特伯尔创作了很多画都是关于英格兰乡下的东安格利亚风景的，他家里就有很多风车。

M2: The windmill has played a pan in the historic and artistit, as well as economic, development of Westem civilization.
M2：风车曾经在西方文明发展过程巾，以及艺术和经济领域都发挥过重要作用。

Ml: Holland comes to mind first as the windmill capital of the world, but England's windmills were equally plentiful and important to the economy of the country.
M1:荷兰首先是以世界风车之都而出名的，但英格兰的风车同样也很多，对国家的经济发展也很重要。

M2 : Yes, that's why there are so many' paintings of them. They were frrst used in Europe in the 12th century.
M2：是的，这就是为什么有这么多画都跟风车有关的原因。风午最初是在12世纪的欧洲使用的。

Ml; That's certainjy a long time ago. The first one was built in Yorkshire in England, not Holland.
Ml：那的确是很久以前的事了。第一个风牟=是在英格兰的约克郡组建的，而不是在荷兰。

M2: Oh, really? I thought the oldest ones must have been in Holland.  I wonder why people started using them? I mean. I know they were used to grind grain. but why?
M2：哦，是吗？我以为最古老的风车一定是在荷兰。不知道人们为什么开始使用风车？我是说风车以前是用来碾磨谷物的，但是什么原因呢？

Ml: I think it was to save on man power. Imagine how tiring it must have been to grind grain by hand, the windmill was definitely an inspired addition to energy sources.
Ml：我猜大概是为了节省人力。想想要是手工碾磨谷物的话该多累啊。所以从节能、省力的角度看，风车的确是一个很有灵感的发明。

M2: In Holland the drainage windmills are the most important, because lots of Holland is actually lower than the sea level.
M2：存荷兰，排水的风车是最重要的，因为那里很多地区实际海拔都低于海平面。

M1: Nowadays the renwning ones are just for tourists, they don'r use them for keeping the canal and sea levels down anymore.
Ml:现在遗留下来的风车都只是观光用的，人们不再用风车来维持运河和海水的水位了。

M2: The sea defences have been greatly improved, they don't really need them. I'm glad they kept them though, even if they are just for tourists.
M2：海面的防卫设备也得到了很大的改善，他们不再需要风车。不过，我还是很高兴看到人们把风牟保存下来，即使只是用来观光也好。

【单词词组】
must have given it away  一定泄了密
come to mind first首先想到
brighten up使增色，发亮
by hand手工

【背景介绍】
最早从德国引进。开始时仅用于磨粉之类。到了十六七世纪，风车对荷兰的经济有着特别重大的意义。当时，荷兰在世界的商业中，占首要地位的各种原料，从各路水道运往风车加工，其中包括：北欧各国和波罗的海沿岸各国的木材，德国的大麻子和亚麻子，印度和东南亚的肉桂和胡椒。在荷兰的大港--鹿特丹和阿姆斯特丹的近郊，有很多风车的磨坊、锯木厂和造纸厂。 随着荷兰人民围海造陆工程的大规模开展，风车在这项艰巨的工程中发挥了巨大的作用。首先是给风车配上活动的顶篷，他们又把风车的顶篷安装在滚轮上。这种风车，被称为荷兰式风车。