和谐英语

您现在的位置是:首页 > 英语口语 > 英语情景对话 > 英语畅谈世界文化

正文

英语口语畅谈世界文化之法国30:Joan of Arc圣女贞德

2017-07-05来源:和谐英语



英语口语畅谈世界文化

之法国30  Joan Of Arc 圣女贞德

R:Researcher    L: Librarian
R:研究员        L:图书管理员

R: I'm looking for some materials about Joan of Arc, where might I find them?
R:我在查一些关于圣女贞德的资料,哪儿能找到呢?

L: I'll show you. Are you doing some research?
L:我指给你看吧。你在做研究吗?

R: Yes, I'm writing a book about famous figures in history.
R:是的,我正在写一本有关历史上著名人物的书。

L: Well, Joan of Arc is certainly famous. She was the most famous fighting woman in European history.
L:嗯,圣女贞德的确很有名,她也是欧洲历史上最著名的女英雄。

R: On the battlefield, she motivated her troops to drive the enemies from her homeland.
R:在战场上,她激励她的士兵们把敌人赶出国土。

L: Although she knew nothing about warfare, she claimed to be guided by visions of saints. Few people believed her and many thought she used sorcery.
L:虽然她不懂战术,但她声称受了圣徒的指引。很少有人相信她,很多人还认为她使用了巫术。

R: Yes, that's why when she was captured, she was declared a witch and burnt at the stake I don't really believe she was a witch.
R:是的,这就是为什么她被捕时被宣称是个巫婆,最后被烧死在火刑柱上的原因。我真的不相信她是个巫婆。

L: Maybe she was schizophrenic. She stared to hear voices and have visions at the age of 13.
L:她可能得了精神分裂症,从13岁起她就开始幻听、幻视。

R: Yes, I suppose so.  Seeing things is a symptom of mental problems.  These visions, there were of saints, weren't they?
R:是的,我也这么认为。出现幻觉就是精神疾病的症状。这些幻影都是圣徒,对吧?

L: St. Michael, the captain-general of the armies of Heaven, and St. Catherine and St. Margaret who were both early Christian martyrs.
L:是的,圣米歇尔,他是天堂里军队的统帅。还有圣凯瑟琳和圣玛格丽特,她们都是早期的基督教殉教者。

R: Well, nowadays Joan of Arc is a saint herself. I bet she never believed she would end up in such company.
R:哦,如今圣女贞德自己也成了一个圣徒’。我敢说她从没想过自己会加入这个行列。

L: I think all that she cared even considered the fact about was fighting for king and country, she probably never that many years later people would admire her and make her a saint.
L:我想她最关心的是为国千和国家而战.她可能从未料到很多年以后人们会赞美她,把她当作圣人。

R: Around the time she was born, France was at war with the English. I guess she couldn't have been born at a better time!
R:在她出生前后的那段时间里,法国正与英国交战。我想她生得正是时候。

L: This conflict was not really a war, it lasted for more than l00 years. That's why we call it "The Hundred Years War".
L:这次冲突并不是真正意义上的战争,它持续了一百多年,所以我们把它叫做“百年战争”’。

R: A hundred years is certainly a long time to be fighting. A victory here would have allowed the English a chance to control all of southern France.
R:打了一百年,时间的确不短。要是英国人胜了,他们就有机会控制整个法国南部,

L: Yes, but they were stopped by the French, who were led by a seventeen-year-old peasant girl-Joan.
L:是的,但是他们却遭到法国军人的阻挡,被一个17岁的法国农村女孩贞德所率领的队伍击退。

R: It's hard to think that someone so young could have led an army. This particular battle took place in Orleans.
R:很难想象一个如此年轻的人可以带领军队。这次特别的战役发生在奥尔良。

L: Now Joan is known as "The Maid of Orleans".
L:如今,贞德也被称为“奥尔良少女”。

单词词组讲解】
be declared witch被宣称是个巫篓
end up结束;死亡
allow…a chance to给……机会
fright for king and country为国王和国塞而战

【背景介绍】
圣女贞德(法语:Jeanne d'Arc 或 Jeanne la Pucelle,1412年1月6日-1431年5月30日)是法国的军事家,天主教圣人,被法国人视为民族英雄。在英法百年战争(1337年-1453年)中她带领法国军队对抗英军的入侵,最后被捕并被处决。

贞德原本是一位法国农村少女,她声称在十六岁时的一日,在村后的大树下遇见天使圣弥额尔、圣玛加利大和圣加大肋纳,从而得到“上帝的启示”,要求她带兵收复当时由英格兰人占领的法国失地。后来她几番转折,得到兵权,于1429年解奥尔良之围,成为了闻名法国的女英雄,后带兵多次打败英格兰的侵略者,更促使拥有王位承继权的查理七世于同年7月16日得以加冕。然而圣女贞德于1430年在贡比涅一次小冲突中为勃艮第公国所俘,不久为英格兰人以重金购去,由英格兰当局控制下的宗教裁判所以异端和女巫罪判处她火刑,于1431年5月30日在法国鲁昂当众处死。20年后英格兰军队被彻底逐出法国时,贞德年老的母亲说服教宗卡利克斯特三世重新审判贞德的案子,最终于1456年为她平反。500年后被梵蒂冈封圣。

贞德死后成为了西方文化的一个重要角色。从拿破仑到现在,法国的政治人物都曾以她的伟大形象进行宣传。主要的作家和作曲家,包括莎士比亚、伏尔泰、席勒、威尔第、柴科夫斯基、吐温、萧伯纳、布莱希特都创作过有关她的作品,而大量以她为题材的电影、戏剧、和音乐也一直持续发展直到今天。

火刊拄:13至19世纪,天主教套设立宗教裁判所侦察并审判异端。异端包括不同于罗马正统救派的言行和思想、苦行、鞭打等皆属轻罚,严重者者被处以徒或火刑。

百年战争:英,法两国问于1337年至1453年的战争,起因于两因争夸肖饶的弗兰世斯和英王在法国境内所占据的领地,战争最舌以英国失败告终,除加来港外,法国收复了荚王法的全部领地。    l